A joint resolution to acknowledge the 100th anniversary of the January 17, 1893 overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, and to offer an apology to Native Hawaiians on behalf of the United States for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Enacted by
the 103rd United States Congress
Effective
November 23, 1993
Legislative history
Introduced in the Senate as S.J.Res. 19 by Daniel Akaka (D–HI) on January 21, 1993
Committee consideration by Senate Indian Affairs
Passed the Senate on October 27, 1993 (65–34)
Passed the House on November 15, 1993 (voice vote)
Signed into law by President Bill Clinton on November 23, 1993
Public Law 103-150, informally known as the Apology Resolution, is a Joint Resolution of the U.S. Congress adopted in 1993 that "acknowledges that the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii occurred with the active participation of agents and citizens of the United States and further acknowledges that the Native Hawaiian people never directly relinquished to the United States their claims to their inherent sovereignty as a people over their national lands, either through the Kingdom of Hawaii or through a plebiscite or referendum" (U.S. Public Law 103-150 (107 Stat. 1510)). The resolution has been cited as impetus for the Hawaiian sovereignty movement, and has been the subject of debate.[1][2][3][4]
The resolution was adopted by both houses of the United States Congress on November 23, 1993. A joint resolution, it was signed by President of the United States Bill Clinton on the same day.
The resolution was passed in the Senate by a vote of 65–34. In the House, it was passed by a two-thirds voice vote. It was sponsored on January 21, 1993, as S.J.Res.19 by Daniel Akaka and co-sponsored by Daniel Inouye, both Democratic senators from Hawaii.
^Fein, Bruce (June 6, 2005). "Hawaii Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand" (PDF). Waltham, MA: Lycos. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
^Gorton, Slade; Brown, Hank (August 17, 2005). "E Pluribus Unum? Not in Hawaii". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on February 16, 2006. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^"AlohaQuest: The Apology". Alohaquest.com. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^"The Rape of Paradise: The Second Century". Hawaii-nation.org. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
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