Nuclides with an atomic number of 79 but with different mass numbers
Isotopes of gold (79Au)
Main isotopes[1]
Decay
abundance
half-life (t1/2)
mode
product
195Au
synth
186.01 d
ε
195Pt
196Au
synth
6.165 d
β+
196Pt
β−
196Hg
197Au
100%
stable
198Au
synth
2.69464 d
β−
198Hg
199Au
synth
3.139 d
β−
199Hg
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Au)
196.966570±0.000004[2]
196.97±0.01 (abridged)[3]
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Gold (79Au) has one stable isotope, 197Au, and 37 radioisotopes, with 195Au being the most stable with a half-life of 186 days. Gold is currently considered the heaviest monoisotopic element. Bismuth formerly held that distinction until alpha-decay of the 209Bi isotope was observed. All isotopes of gold are either radioactive or, in the case of 197Au, observationally stable, meaning that 197Au is predicted to be radioactive but no actual decay has been observed.[4]
^Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^"Standard Atomic Weights: Gold". CIAAW. 2017.
^Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^Belli, P.; Bernabei, R.; Danevich, F. A.; et al. (2019). "Experimental searches for rare alpha and beta decays". European Physical Journal A. 55 (8): 140–1–140–7. arXiv:1908.11458. Bibcode:2019EPJA...55..140B. doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2. ISSN 1434-601X. S2CID 201664098.
distinction until alpha-decay of the 209Bi isotope was observed. All isotopesofgold are either radioactive or, in the case of 197Au, observationally stable...
knowledge of Nagaoka's prior study, conducted the same experiment in 1941, achieving the same result and showing that the isotopesofgold produced by...
occurring isotopes, sometimes denoted 1 H , 2 H , and 3 H . 1 H and 2 H are stable, while 3 H has a half-life of 12.32(2) years. Heavier isotopes also exist...
to as stable isotopes or stable nuclides. For example, 14 C is a radioactive form of carbon, whereas 12 C and 13 C are stable isotopes. There are about...
was synthesized from mercury by neutron bombardment in 1941, but the isotopesofgold produced were all radioactive. In 1924, a German scientist, Adolf Miethe...
11 have 5 stable isotopes, 9 have 4 stable isotopes, 5 have 3 stable isotopes, 16 have 2 stable isotopes, and 26 have 1 stable isotope. Additionally, about...
elements, they are usually termed stable isotopes. The 80 elements with one or more stable isotopes comprise a total of 251 nuclides that have not been known...
half-life of about 5.1 minutes. The isotopes 280Rg and 281Rg have also been reported to have half-lives over a second. The remaining isotopes have half-lives...
Isotope geochemistry is an aspect of geology based upon the study of natural variations in the relative abundances ofisotopesof various elements. Variations...
isotope. Except for the isotopesof hydrogen (which differ greatly from each other in relative mass—enough to cause chemical effects), the isotopes of...
native gold from Arizona, US, based on lead isotopes indicates that a significant part of the mass in alluvial gold nuggets in this area formed within the...
nuclear reactor, these isotopes can undergo nuclear fission, destroying the original actinide isotope and producing a spectrum of radioactive and nonradioactive...
unsuitable in ion-deposition experiments. See also Isotopesof bismuth, Isotopesofgold and Isotopesof thorium. Resnick, Brian (20 May 2019). "The new...
expected to fall within the range of the island of stability, potentially conferring additional stability on some isotopes, especially 306Ubb which is expected...
same time not corresponding to the mass of any natural isotope. For example, bromine has only two stable isotopes, 79Br and 81Br, naturally present in approximately...
of an element, weighted by the abundance of the isotopes. The dimensionless (standard) atomic weight is the weighted mean relative isotopic mass of a...
combinations ofisotopic abundances in varying ratios. For example, due to a different mixture of stable carbon-12 and carbon-13 isotopes, a sample of elemental...
has 38 synthetic isotopes ranging in atomic mass from 165 to 208, making the total number of known isotopes 44. The least stable of these are 165 Pt and...
have to go through isotopes separation to remove the 115, 117 and 119 tin isotopes. Combined, these three isotopes make up about 17% of natural tin but represent...
trace isotopes 237U and 239U exclusively undergo beta decay, with respective half-lives of 6.752 days and 23.45 minutes. In total, 28 isotopesof uranium...
on Isotopes Periodic Table—Neon at the U.S. Geological Survey, by Eric Caldwell, posted January 2004, retrieved 10 February 2011 "Neon: Isotopes". Softciências...
are palladium (element 46) isotopes, and the primary products after are cadmium (element 48) isotopes. The palladium isotope 107Pd decays by beta emission...
oxidation state but also an accessible +2 oxidation state. All known isotopesof mendelevium have short half-lives; there are currently no uses for it...
of inorganic and organometallic compounds such as zirconium dioxide and zirconocene dichloride, respectively. Five isotopes occur naturally, four of which...
of four stable isotopes (182W, 183W, 184W, and 186W) and one very long-lived radioisotope, 180W. Theoretically, all five can decay into isotopesof element...
hydraulic fracturing but not listed as chemicals to be studied include isotopesofgold, xenon, rubidium, iridium, scandium, and krypton. Hydraulic fracturing...
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