Preview warning: Infobox H isotopes: Abundance percentage not recognised "na=99.9855%" cat#%
stable
2H
0.0145%
Preview warning: Infobox H isotopes: Abundance percentage not recognised "na=0.0145%" cat#%
stable
3H
trace
12.32 y
β−
3He
Standard atomic weight Ar°(H)
[1.00784, 1.00811][1]
1.0080±0.0002 (abridged)[2]
view
talk
edit
Hydrogen (1H) has three naturally occurring isotopes, sometimes denoted 1 H , 2 H , and 3 H . 1 H and 2 H are stable, while 3 H has a half-life of 12.32(2) years.[3][nb 1] Heavier isotopes also exist, all of which are synthetic and have a half-life of less than one zeptosecond (10−21 s).[4][5]
Of these, 5 H is the least stable, while 7 H is the most.
Hydrogen is the only element whose isotopes have different names that remain in common use today: the 2 H (or hydrogen-2) isotope is deuterium[6] and the 3 H (or hydrogen-3) isotope is tritium.[7] The symbols D and T are sometimes used for deuterium and tritium. The IUPAC accepts the D and T symbols, but recommends using standard isotopic symbols (2 H and 3 H ) instead to avoid confusion in the alphabetic sorting of chemical formulas.[8] The isotope 1 H , with no neutrons, may be called protium to disambiguate.[9] (During the early study of radioactivity, some other heavy radioactive isotopes were given names, but such names are rarely used today.)
The three most stable isotopes of hydrogen: protium (A = 1), deuterium (A = 2), and tritium (A = 3).
^Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (March 2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear physics properties \ast". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. Bibcode:2021ChPhC..45c0001K. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae. ISSN 1674-1137. S2CID 233794940.
^Y. B. Gurov; et al. (2004). "Spectroscopy of superheavy hydrogen isotopes in stopped-pion absorption by nuclei". Physics of Atomic Nuclei. 68 (3): 491–497. Bibcode:2005PAN....68..491G. doi:10.1134/1.1891200. S2CID 122902571.
^
A. A. Korsheninnikov; et al. (2003). "Experimental Evidence for the Existence of 7H and for a Specific Structure of 8He". Physical Review Letters. 90 (8): 082501. Bibcode:2003PhRvL..90h2501K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.082501. PMID 12633420.
^IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "deuterium". doi:10.1351/goldbook.D01648
^IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "tritium". doi:10.1351/goldbook.T06513
^International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (2005). Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2005). Cambridge (UK): RSC–IUPAC. ISBN 0-85404-438-8. p. 48. Electronic version.
^IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "protium". doi:10.1351/goldbook.P04903
Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).
and 28 Related for: Isotopes of hydrogen information
Hydrogen (1H) has three naturally occurring isotopes, sometimes denoted 1 H , 2 H , and 3 H . 1 H and 2 H are stable, while 3 H has a half-life of 12.32(2)...
Deuterium (hydrogen-2, symbol 2H or D, also known as heavy hydrogen) is one of two stable isotopesofhydrogen (the other is protium, or hydrogen-1). The...
abundance ofhydrogenisotopes. There are two stable isotopesofhydrogen, protium 1H and deuterium 2H, which vary in relative abundance on the order of hundreds...
all stable isotopes in having no neutrons; see diproton for a discussion of why others do not exist. 2 H, the other stable hydrogenisotope, is known as...
nuclear fusion secondary stage containing thermonuclear fuel: heavy isotopesofhydrogen (deuterium and tritium) as the pure element or in modern weapons...
(for hydrogen, the lightest element, the isotope effect is large enough to affect biology strongly). The term isotopes (originally also isotopic elements...
There are three known stable isotopesof oxygen (8O): 16 O , 17 O , and 18 O . Radioactive isotopes ranging from 11 O to 28 O have also been characterized...
Hydrogen deuteride is an isotopologue of dihydrogen composed of two isotopesofhydrogen: the majority isotope 1H (protium) and 2H (deuterium). Its proper...
(trítos) 'third') or hydrogen-3 (symbol T or 3H) is a rare and radioactive isotopeofhydrogen with half-life ~12.3 years. The nucleus of tritium (t, sometimes...
has isotopes that are not radioactive, these are termed "stable" isotopes. All of the known stable isotopes occur naturally (see primordial isotope). The...
carbon-14 isotope as an isotopic label. Isotopesof a chemical element differ only in the mass number. For example, the isotopesofhydrogen can be written...
formation processes of the two stable isotopesof helium produce the differing isotope abundances. Equal mixtures of liquid 3 He and 4 He below 0.8 K separate...
Water (VSMOW) is an isotopic standard for water, that is, a particular sample of water whose proportions of different isotopesofhydrogen and oxygen are accurately...
stable isotopes usually refers to isotopesof the same element. The relative abundance of such stable isotopes can be measured experimentally (isotope analysis)...
stable isotopes.: 1–12 Stability ofisotopes is affected by the ratio of protons to neutrons, and also by the presence of certain "magic numbers" of neutrons...
fusing isotopesofhydrogen together. The fusion reactions take place in these devices by accelerating either deuterium, tritium, or a mixture of these...
ready decomposition into elemental hydrogen and astatine, as well as the short half-life of the various isotopesof astatine. Because the atoms have a...
more specific atoms with their isotopes. The reactant is then allowed to undergo the reaction. The position of the isotopes in the products is measured to...
Isotope analysis is the identification ofisotopic signature, abundance of certain stable isotopesof chemical elements within organic and inorganic compounds...
radioactive isotopes were produced: the heavy hydrogenisotope tritium (3H or T) and the beryllium isotope beryllium-7 (7Be). These unstable isotopes later...
is a form of water whose hydrogen atoms are all deuterium (2 H or D, also known as heavy hydrogen) rather than the common hydrogen-1 isotope (1 H, also...
proportion to protium (HDO or 1H2HO), "heavy water" with two deuterium isotopesofhydrogen per molecule (D2O or 2H2O), and "super-heavy water" or tritiated...
Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopesof a chemical element by removing other isotopes. The use of the nuclides produced...
lithium-7, should exist. This contrasts with the observed abundance ofisotopesofhydrogen (1H and 2H) and helium (3He and 4He) that are consistent with predictions...
to permit resolution of the elements Hydrogen (H) through Nickel (Ni) or of electrons and the isotopesofHydrogen (H) and Helium (He) and light nuclei...
quickly. The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions ofhydrogen and its isotopes. Depending on the charge of the ion, two...
one of its isotopes. Formally, it is the ratio of rate constants for the reactions involving the light (kL) and the heavy (kH) isotopically substituted...
Global Information