Schematic diagram of a typical antibody showing two Ig heavy chains (purple) joined by disulfide bonds to two Ig light chains (green). The constant (C) and variable (V) domains are shown.An antibody molecule. The two heavy chains are colored red and blue and the two light chains green and yellow.[1]
The immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). In human genome, the IgH gene loci are on chromosome 14.
A typical antibody is composed of two immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains and two Ig light chains. Several different types of heavy chain exist that define the class or isotype of an antibody. These heavy chain types vary between different animals. All heavy chains contain a series of immunoglobulin domains, usually with one variable domain (VH) that is important for binding antigen and several constant domains (CH1, CH2, etc.). Production of a viable heavy chain is a key step in B cell maturation. If the heavy chain is able to bind to a surrogate light chain and move to the plasma membrane, then the developing B cell can begin producing its light chain.[2]
The heavy chain does not always have to bind to a light chain. Pre-B lymphocytes can synthesize heavy chain in the absence of light chain, which then can allow the heavy chain to bind to a heavy-chain binding protein.[3]
^"Archived copy". Archived from the original on April 19, 2007. Retrieved April 20, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)[full citation needed]
^Mårtensson, I-L; Ceredig, R (2017-01-23). "Role of the surrogate light chain and the pre-B-cell receptor in mouse B-cell development". Immunology. 101 (4): 435–441. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00151.x. ISSN 0019-2805. PMC 2327112. PMID 11122446.
The immunoglobulinheavychain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). In human genome, the IgH gene loci are on chromosome...
domains in their heavychains. Naïve mature B cells produce both IgM and IgD, which are the first two heavychain segments in the immunoglobulin locus. After...
immunoglobulin (Ig) heavychains and two Ig light chains. There are two types of light chain in humans: kappa (κ) chain, encoded by the immunoglobulin kappa locus...
features of interest.[citation needed] Immunoglobulins are composed of light chains and heavychains. The light chain (λ or κ) is a protein of ~220 amino...
prefix "Ig" stands for immunoglobulin, while the suffix denotes the type of heavychain the antibody contains: the heavychain types α (alpha), γ (gamma)...
Heavychain may refer to: Immunoglobulinheavychain, a subunit of antibodies Heavy-chain antibody, an antibody composed of heavychains only Heavy chain...
Antibody (or immunoglobulin) structure is made up of two heavy-chains and two light-chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds. The arrangement...
Heavychain disease is a form of paraproteinemia and plasma cell dyscrasia that involves the proliferation of cells producing immunoglobulinheavy chains...
a programmed process of mutation affecting the variable regions of immunoglobulin genes. Unlike germline mutation, SHM affects only an organism's individual...
where both heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins are deposited, and heavychain deposition disease, where only immunoglobulinheavychains are deposited...
Angeles in 1988. Her thesis, entitled Molecular analysis of an immunoglobulinheavychain promoter, was completed under the supervision of Kathryn Calame...
Immunoglobulin A (Ig A, also referred to as sIgA in its secretory form) is an antibody that plays a role in the immune function of mucous membranes. The...
plasma cells to mutate, break, and recombine various genes at the immunoglobulinheavychain antigen-binding locus on the long (i.e. "q") arm of human chromosome...
overproduction.[citation needed] A chromosomal translocation between the immunoglobulinheavychain gene (on chromosome 14, locus q32) and an oncogene (often 11q13...
Immunoglobulinheavy constant alpha 1 is a immunoglobulin gene with symbol IGHA1. It encodes a constant (C) segment of Immunoglobulin A heavychain. Immunoglobulin...
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found...
variable region gene assembly in developing B and T lymphocytes, immunoglobulinheavychain class switch recombination (CSR), and somatic hypermutation in...
in Irish orthography Immunoglobulinheavychain (IgH), the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody IGH@, the Immunoglobulinheavy locus, in biology Institut...
single β-barrel or two-domain folded structure with standard immunoglobulin domains. The J chain's primary structure is unusually acidic having a high content...
"Organization of the constant-region gene family of the mouse immunoglobulinheavychain". Cell. 28 (3): 499–506. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90204-5. ISSN 0092-8674...
Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is an antibody isotype that makes up about 1% of proteins in the plasma membranes of immature B-lymphocytes where it is usually...
plasma cells. Monomers of IgE consist of two heavychains (ε chain) and two light chains, with the ε chain containing four Ig-like constant domains (Cε1–Cε4)...
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