Algal communities in sea ice, lake ice or terrestrial glacier ice
Ice algae are any of the various types of algal communities found in annual and multi-year sea, and terrestrial lake ice or glacier ice.
On sea ice in the polar oceans, ice algae communities play an important role in primary production.[1] The timing of blooms of the algae is especially important for supporting higher trophic levels at times of the year when light is low and ice cover still exists. Sea ice algal communities are mostly concentrated in the bottom layer of the ice, but can also occur in brine channels within the ice, in melt ponds, and on the surface.
Because terrestrial ice algae occur in freshwater systems, the species composition differs greatly from that of sea ice algae. In particular, terrestrial glacier ice algae communities are significant in that they change the color of glaciers and ice sheets, impacting the reflectivity of the ice itself.
^Lee, Sang H.; Whitledge, Terry E.; Kang, Sung-Ho (December 2008). "Spring time production of bottom ice algae in the landfast sea ice zone at Barrow, Alaska". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 367 (2): 204–212. Bibcode:2008JEMBE.367..204L. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2008.09.018. ISSN 0022-0981.
Icealgae are any of the various types of algal communities found in annual and multi-year sea, and terrestrial lake ice or glacier ice. On sea ice in...
of icealgae from the underside of pack ice. Krill have developed special rows of rake-like setae at the tips of their thoracopods, and graze the ice in...
algae reduces snow and ice albedo, which can stimulate the melting of perennial snow and ice and exacerbate the effects of climate change. Snow algae...
Algae (UK: /ˈælɡiː/ AL-ghee, US: /ˈældʒiː/ AL-jee; sg.: alga /ˈælɡə/ AL-gə) are any of a large and diverse group of photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms...
active at −16 °C. Microalgae that live in snow and ice include green, brown, and red algae. Snow algae species such as Chloromonas sp., Chlamydomonas sp...
under the ice is the starting signal – the ice algal spring bloom. The increasing day length triggers the growth of nutritious ice-algae. The ice slowly...
cyanobacteria's informal common name, blue-green algae, although as prokaryotes they are not scientifically classified as algae. Cyanobacteria are probably the most...
(HAB), or excessive algae growth, is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms by production of natural algae-produced toxins, mechanical...
lakes, bringing nutrients to those parts of the ice in contact with the water. In the Arctic Ocean, icealgae accounts for close to half of the primary production...
Ocean, the primary production of photosynthesizing organisms such as icealgae and phytoplankton is limited to the spring and summer months (March/April...
also called snow algae, pink snow, red snow, or blood snow, is a phenomenon caused by Chlamydomonas nivalis, a species of green algae containing a secondary...
Dinoflagellida. Botanists treated them as a division of algae, named Pyrrophyta or Pyrrhophyta ("fire algae"; Greek pyrr(h)os, fire) after the bioluminescent...
certain species of algae and is released on boiling. These algae are known as agarophytes, belonging to the Rhodophyta (red algae) phylum. The processing...
influence of melting sea ice, the ice itself also provides an attachment substrate for the growth of algae as well as interstitial icealgae. Some evidence suggests...
Okolodkov, Y. B. (1998). "Lipids and fatty acids in icealgae and phytoplankton from the Marginal Ice Zone in the Barents Sea". Polar Biology. 20 (1): 41–47...
polynya bloom. While algal communities are often found under sea ice, as evidenced by icealgae, the rate of phytoplankton growth is substantially higher in...
December 2014. Prasad, R. (24 July 2013). "Indian's UAV to survey Arctic icealgae". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 December 2014. Rajalakshmi Engineering College...
by thin overlying ice the light reach even deeper, is sufficient to sustain an ecosystem of flora and fauna consisting of moss, algae, arthropods and nematodes...
glacialis can follow multiple strategies. When found in ice-covered areas, it uses the icealgae bloom to fuel reproduction. This is consistent with a strategy...
is a form of aquaculture involving the farming of species of algae. The majority of algae that are intentionally cultivated fall into the category of microalgae...
micro zooplankton populations, as well as assessing phytoplankton, sea icealgae, nitrogen, and sediment. Additionally Oceanographer Evelyn Lessard co-led...
within the sea ice are consequently small (<1mm), and dominated by bacteria, and unicellular plants and animals. Diatoms, a certain type of algae, are considered...
starts with phytoplankton and epontic algae (single-cell algae associated with the lower interface of sea ice), which provide energy to zooplankton,...
An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized...
extent of sea ice in the Arctic leads to declines in the abundance of icealgae, which thrive in nutrient-rich pockets in the ice. These algae are eaten by...
the polymers may provide a stabilizing effect to the ice. However, other scientists have found algae and other microorganisms produce pigments or help create...
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