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Electrolyte imbalance information


Water–electrolyte imbalance
Diagram of ion concentrations and charge across a semi-permeable cellular membrane.
SpecialtyNephrology Edit this on Wikidata
Causeshypocalcemia

Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological function, fluid balance, oxygen delivery, acid–base balance and much more. Electrolyte imbalances can develop by consuming too little or too much electrolyte as well as excreting too little or too much electrolyte.[citation needed] Examples of electrolytes include calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphate, potassium, and sodium.

Electrolyte disturbances are involved in many disease processes and are an important part of patient management in medicine.[1][2] The causes, severity, treatment, and outcomes of these disturbances can differ greatly depending on the implicated electrolyte.[3] The most serious electrolyte disturbances involve abnormalities in the levels of sodium, potassium or calcium. Other electrolyte imbalances are less common and often occur in conjunction with major electrolyte changes. The kidney is the most important organ in maintaining appropriate fluid and electrolyte balance, but other factors such as hormonal changes and physiological stress play a role.[2]

  1. ^ Alfarouk, Khalid O.; Ahmed, Samrein B. M.; Ahmed, Ahmed; et al. (7 April 2020). "The Interplay of Dysregulated pH and Electrolyte Imbalance in Cancer". Cancers. 12 (4): 898. doi:10.3390/cancers12040898. PMC 7226178. PMID 32272658.
  2. ^ a b Balcı, Arif Kadri; Koksal, Ozlem; Kose, Ataman; Armagan, Erol; Ozdemir, Fatma; Inal, Taylan; Oner, Nuran (2013). "General characteristics of patients with electrolyte imbalance admitted to emergency department". World Journal of Emergency Medicine. 4 (2): 113–116. doi:10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2013.02.005. ISSN 1920-8642. PMC 4129840. PMID 25215103.
  3. ^ Walls, Ron M.; Hockberger, Robert S.; Gausche-Hill, Marianne (2018). Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. pp. 1516–1532. ISBN 978-0-323-35479-0.

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