Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Nverify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references
Chemical compound
Hydrogen cyanide (also known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N. It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F). HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued precursor to many chemical compounds ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. Large-scale applications are for the production of potassium cyanide and adiponitrile, used in mining and plastics, respectively.[11] It is more toxic than solid cyanide compounds due to its volatile nature.
Whether hydrogen cyanide is an organic compound or not is a topic of debate among chemists, and opinions vary from author to author. Traditionally, it is considered inorganic by significant part of authors. Contrary to them, it is considered organic by other authors, because hydrogen cyanide belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nitriles which have the formula R−C≡N, where R is typically organyl group (e.g., alkyl or aryl) or hydrogen.[12] In the case of hydrogen cyanide, the R group is hydrogen H, so the other names of hydrogen cyanide are methanenitrile and formonitrile.[3]
^"hydrogen cyanide (CHEBI:18407)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest. UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. 18 October 2009. Main. Retrieved 2012-06-04.
^"Hydrogen Cyanide – Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. United States: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification. Retrieved 2012-06-04.
^ abcdefHaynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 978-1439855119.
^Evans DA. "pKa's of Inorganic and Oxo-Acids" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
^Patnaik P (2002). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0070494398.
^Schulz, Axel; Surkau, Jonas (2022-09-21). "Main group cyanides: from hydrogen cyanide to cyanido-complexes". Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry. 43 (1). Walter de Gruyter GmbH: 49–188. doi:10.1515/revic-2021-0044. ISSN 0193-4929.
^ abcdNIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0333". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ ab"Hydrogen cyanide". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^Gail, E.; Gos, S.; Kulzer, R.; Lorösch, J.; Rubo, A.; Sauer, M. "Cyano Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_159.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
^"Human Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for Hydrogen cyanide (HMDB0060292)".
Hydrogencyanide (also known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N. It is a highly toxic and flammable...
sodium cyanide (NaCN) and potassium cyanide (KCN) are highly toxic. Hydrocyanic acid, also known as hydrogencyanide, or HCN, is a highly volatile liquid...
long-term neurological problems. Toxic cyanide-containing compounds include hydrogencyanide gas and a number of cyanide salts. Poisoning is relatively common...
Potassium cyanide is highly toxic, and a dose of 200 to 300 milligrams will kill nearly any human. The moist solid emits small amounts of hydrogencyanide due...
HCNH+, also known as protonated hydrogencyanide, is a molecular ion of astrophysical interest. It also exists in the condensed state when formed by superacids...
B) was the trade name of a cyanide-based pesticide invented in Germany in the early 1920s. It consists of hydrogencyanide (prussic acid), as well as...
(methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide...
toward metals. It is a moderately strong base. Sodium cyanide is produced by treating hydrogencyanide with sodium hydroxide: HCN + NaOH → NaCN + H2O Worldwide...
poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced. Poisonous agents used include hydrogencyanide and carbon monoxide. General Rochambeau developed a rudimentary method...
and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide, and even hydrogencyanide despite the fact it contains a carbon-hydrogen bond)...
release hydrogencyanide and is very toxic. Solutions of calcium cyanide can be prepared by treating calcium hydroxide with hydrogencyanide. Solid calcium...
Hydrogen isocyanide is a chemical with the molecular formula HNC. It is a minor tautomer of hydrogencyanide (HCN). Its importance in the field of astrochemistry...
is not shipped or sold commercially. Ammonium cyanide is prepared in solution by bubbling hydrogencyanide into aqueous ammonia at a low temperature HCN...
per year, rising to about 6 million tonnes by 2017. Acetonitrile and hydrogencyanide are significant byproducts that are recovered for sale. In fact, the...
compound of the homolog row of nitriles, the nitrile of formic acid, hydrogencyanide was first synthesized by C. W. Scheele in 1782. In 1811 J. L. Gay-Lussac...
animals by inhibiting cellular respiration in a manner similar to hydrogencyanide. When it is inhaled or its salts are ingested in high amounts,[clarification...
and duration. Cyanide-based blood agents irritate the eyes and the respiratory tract, while arsine is nonirritating. Hydrogencyanide has a faint, bitter...
sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide; many operations use calcium cyanide, which is more cost effective. To prevent the creation of toxic hydrogencyanide during...
such as cyanogen; pseudohalide anions, such as cyanide ion; inorganic acids, such as hydrogencyanide; as ligands in coordination complexes, such as ferricyanide;...
compound with the chemical formula CH4 (one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms). It is a group-14 hydride, the simplest alkane, and the main constituent...
attempt to prepare magnesium cyanide was attempted in 1924. It was attempted by reacting a solution of hydrogencyanide in water with magnesium metal:...
fruits. The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol. This hydrocarbon has four hydrogen atoms bound to a pair of carbon atoms that are connected by a double bond...
the vapor phase, it consists of hydrogen-bonded dimers rather than individual molecules. Owing to its tendency to hydrogen-bond, gaseous formic acid does...
a multitude of inorganic educts (e.g., carbon monoxide, hydrogen, ammonia, hydrogencyanide, nitrogen, and even phosphate from dissolved apatite) and...
and hydrogencyanide. Aluminium cyanide was first produced in 1924 as its ammoniate, Al(CN)3·5NH3, by reacting aluminium metal and mercury(II) cyanide in...
from the already known analogue reaction of ammonium formate yielding hydrogencyanide (formonitrile). He also coined the name benzonitrile which gave the...
give benzaldehyde and hydrogencyanide. Hydrogencyanide in sufficient quantities (allowable daily intake: ~0.6 mg) causes cyanide poisoning which has a...
Global Information
verify (what is 
?)
