This article is about the class of chemical compounds. For other uses, see Cyanide (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Nitrile.
Cyanide anion
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Cyanide
Systematic IUPAC name
Nitridocarbonate(II)
Identifiers
CAS Number
57-12-5
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
ChEBI
CHEBI:17514
ChemSpider
5755
PubChem CID
5975
UNII
OXN4E7L11KY
InChI
InChI=1S/CN/c1-2/q-1
Key: XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
[C-]#N
Properties
Chemical formula
CN−
Molar mass
26.018 g·mol−1
Conjugate acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
The cyanide ion CN− is one of the most poisonous chemicals. It may cause death in minutes.
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Chemical compound
In chemistry, a cyanide (from Greek kyanos 'dark blue') is a chemical compound that contains a C≡N functional group. This group, known as the cyano group, consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom.[1]
In inorganic cyanides, the cyanide group is present as the cyanide anion −C≡N. This anion is extremely poisonous. Soluble salts such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) and potassium cyanide (KCN) are highly toxic.[2] Hydrocyanic acid, also known as hydrogen cyanide, or HCN, is a highly volatile liquid that is produced on a large scale industrially. It is obtained by acidification of cyanide salts.
Organic cyanides are usually called nitriles. In nitriles, the −C≡N group is linked by a single covalent bond to carbon. For example, in acetonitrile (CH3−C≡N), the cyanide group is bonded to methyl (−CH3). Although nitriles generally do not release cyanide ions, the cyanohydrins do and are thus toxic.
^"Environmental and Health Effects of Cyanide". International Cyanide Management Institute. 2006. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
inorganic cyanides, the cyanide group is present as the cyanide anion −C≡N. This anion is extremely poisonous. Soluble salts such as sodium cyanide (NaCN)...
Hydrogen cyanide (once known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N. It is a highly toxic and flammable...
Cyanide poisoning is poisoning that results from exposure to any of a number of forms of cyanide. Early symptoms include headache, dizziness, fast heart...
Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN. It is a colorless salt, similar in appearance to sugar, that is highly soluble in water. Most KCN...
Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the MacArthur–Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for extracting gold from low-grade...
Sodium cyanide is a poisonous compound with the formula NaCN. It is a white, water-soluble solid. Cyanide has a high affinity for metals, which leads to...
The Koodathayi cyanide killings were a series of unnatural deaths, suspected to be murders, that occurred in Koodathayi in Kozhikode district in Kerala...
A suicide pill (also known as the cyanide pill, kill-pill, lethal pill, death-pill, or L-pill) is a pill, capsule, ampoule, or tablet containing a fatally...
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is...
Lithium cyanide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiCN. It is a toxic, white coloured, hygroscopic, water-soluble salt that finds only...
B) was the trade name of a cyanide-based pesticide invented in Germany in the early 1920s. It consists of hydrogen cyanide (prussic acid), as well as...
commonly known as the yellow-spotted millipede, almond-scented millipede or cyanide millipede, is a species of polydesmidan ("flat-backed") millipede found...
hydrogen cyanide and is very toxic. Solutions of calcium cyanide can be prepared by treating calcium hydroxide with hydrogen cyanide. Solid calcium cyanide is...
include acetyl cyanide, formyl cyanide, and oxalyl dicyanide. Acyl cyanides are reagents in organic synthesis. Classically acyl cyanides are produced by...
group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly...
Acetyl cyanide is the organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CN. It is an acyl cyanide. Acetyl cyanide is a colorless liquid. Its structure was determined...
KD Kempamma, infamously known as Cyanide Mallika, is India's first convicted female serial killer. Commencing with her first murder in 1999 Kempamma killed...
consumption, as improper preparation can leave enough residual cyanide to cause cyanide poisoning. The more toxic varieties of cassava have been used in...
Allyl cyanide is an organic compound with the formula CH2CHCH2CN. Like other small alkyl nitriles, allyl cyanide is colorless and soluble in organic solvents...
Trimethylsilyl cyanide is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3)3SiCN. This volatile liquid consists of a cyanide group, that is CN, attached to...
or asphyxiant gas is introduced. Poisonous agents used include hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide. General Rochambeau developed a rudimentary method...
certain compounds of carbon with nitrogen and oxygen (e.g. cyanide ion CN−, hydrogen cyanide HCN, chloroformic acid ClCO2H, carbon dioxide CO2, and carbonate...
Global Information
