Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound
Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase on dopamine.[1] Homovanillic acid is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.
In psychiatry and neuroscience, brain and cerebrospinal fluid levels of HVA are measured as a marker of metabolic stress caused by 2-deoxy-D-glucose.[2] HVA presence supports a diagnosis of neuroblastoma and malignant pheochromocytoma.
Fasting plasma levels of HVA are known to be higher in females than in males.[citation needed] This does not seem to be influenced by adult hormonal changes, as the pattern is retained in the elderly and post-menopausal as well as transgender people according to their genetic sex, both before and during cross-sex hormone administration.[3] Differences in HVA have also been correlated to tobacco usage, with smokers showing significantly lower amounts of plasma HVA.
^Lambert, G.W.; Eisenhofer, G.; Jennings, G.L.; Esler, M.D. (1993). "Regional homovanillic acid production in humans". Life Sciences. 53 (1): 63–75. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(93)90612-7. PMID 8515683.
^Marcelis M, Suckling J, Hofman P, Woodruff P, Bullmore E, van Os J (September 2006). "Evidence that brain tissue volumes are associated with HVA reactivity to metabolic stress in schizophrenia". Schizophr. Res.86 (1–3): 45–53. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.05.001. PMID 16806836.
^Giltay E, Kho K, Blandjaar B, Verbeek M, Geurtz P, Geleijnse J, Gooren L (July 2005). "The sex difference of plasma homovanillic acid is unaffected by cross-sex hormone administration in transgender people". J Endocrinol. 187 (1): 109–16. doi:10.1677/joe.1.06307. hdl:2066/47682. PMID 16214946. Archived from the original on 2011-02-27. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
Homovanillicacid (HVA) is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase...
the main end-product is homovanillicacid (HVA), which has no known biological activity. From the bloodstream, homovanillicacid is filtered out by the...
the urine, along with other catecholamine metabolites, including homovanillicacid (HVA), metanephrine, and normetanephrine. In timed urine tests the...
needed] Dopamine to dihydroxyphenylacetic acid;[medical citation needed] 3-Methoxytyramine to homovanillicacid.[medical citation needed] Because of the...
is vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) which is excreted in the urine. Dopamine catabolism leads to the production of homovanillicacid (HVA). Two catecholamines...
half-life of levodopa, and decreases plasma and urinary dopamine and homovanillicacid. Elimination half-life of levodopa in the presence of carbidopa is...
decreasing afterload. Metabolic products include the N-acetyl derivative, pyruvic acid hydrazone, and acetone hydrazone, each of which may also contribute to reducing...
metabolism, and the major metabolites are phenylacetic acid and parahydroxyphenylacetic acid, recovered as about 73% of the excreted dose of phenelzine...
Catecholamines and their metabolites include dopamine, homovanillicacid (HVA), and/or vanillylmandelic acid (VMA). Another way to detect neuroblastoma is the...
conducted to look for abnormalities in bone formation. Urine homovanillicacid/vanillylmandelic acid ratio has been proposed as a screening tool to support...
include vanillyl alcohol, vanillin, vanillic acid, acetovanillon, vanillylmandelic acid, homovanillicacid, capsaicin, etc. Isomers are the isovanilloids...
converted by the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to a harmless acetic acid derivative (acetyl coenzyme A). Disulfiram blocks this reaction at the intermediate...
4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylglycol as well as 5-HIAA. Excretion of homovanillicacid and vanillylmandelic acid via urine is also reduced...
Trestman R, Silverman J, Horvath TB, et al. (January 1993). "CSF homovanillicacid in schizotypal personality disorder". The American Journal of Psychiatry...
Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. For active tuberculosis, it is often...
exposure. This neurotoxin reduced levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, and homovanillicacid, a metabolite of dopamine, and is known to destroy noradrenergic and...
Hyoscyamine/hexamethylenetetramine/phenyl salicylate/methylene blue/benzoic acid (trade names Methylphen, Prosed DS) is a discontinued drug combination. It...
in the presence of a platinum catalyst and with water, alcohol or acetic acid as solvent. In another pathway isonicotinohydrazide reacts with either 2-bromopropane...
harmine. The Shikimate acid pathway yields the aromatic amino acid, L-tryptophan. Decarboxylation of L-tryptophan by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)...
organization Hogeschool van Amsterdam, a Dutch educational institution Homovanillicacid, a major catecholamine metabolite Husqvarna Motorcycles, now a subsidiary...
while having higher heritability in men than women. MAO-A shares 70% amino acid sequence identity with its homologue MAO-B. Accordingly, both proteins have...
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