History of the federal government of Ethiopia information
History of national government of Ethiopia since 1991
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Part of a series on the
History of Ethiopia
Early history
Prehistory
Dʿmt
980 – 400 BC
Middle Ages
Aksum
100 – 940 AD
Zagwe dynasty
900–1270
Early Solomonic period
1270–1529
Amda Seyon's Expansions
1314–1344
Early modern history
Ethiopian–Adal War
1527–1543
Oromo migrations
1543 – 17th cent.
Habesh Eyalet
1557 – 17th cent.
Gondarine period
1632–1769
Zemene Mesafint
1769–1855
Ottoman border conflict
1832–1848
Modern history
Unification
1855–1913
Menelik's Invasions
1878–1904
First Italo–Ethiopian War
1895–1896
Modernization
1913–1974
World War I
1914–1918
Second Italo–Ethiopian War
1935–1936
Italian East Africa
1936–1941
World War II
1941
Italian guerrilla war
1941–1943
Federation with Eritrea
1952–1962
Eritrean Independence War
1961–1991
Ethiopian Civil War
1974–1991
Ogaden War
1977–1978
Recent history
Eritrean–Ethiopian War
1998–2000
Eritrean border conflict
1998–2018
Police massacre
2005
War in Somalia
2006–2009
East Africa drought
2011–2012
Oromo protests
2014–2016
Ethiopian civil conflict
2018–present
Tigray War
2020–2022
Topics
Economic history
Emperor
Aristocracy
Military
Army of the Empire
Expansion
Currency
Aksumite
Famines
v
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e
The 1995 Ethiopian Federal Constitution formalizes an ethnic federalism law aimed at undermining long-standing ethnic imperial rule, reducing ethnic tensions, promoting regional autonomy, and upholding unqualified rights to self-determination and secession in a state with more than 80 different ethnic groups. But the constitution is divisive, both among Ethiopian nationalists who believe it undermines centralized authority and fuels interethnic conflict, and among ethnic federalists who fear that the development of its vague components could lead to authoritarian centralization or even the maintenance of minority ethnic hegemony. Parliamentary elections since 1995 have taken place every five years since enactment. All but one of these have resulted in government by members of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) political coalition, under three prime ministers (Meles Zenawi, Hailemariam Desalegn and Abiy Ahmed). The EPRDF was under the effective control of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF),[1] which represents a small ethnic minority. In 2019 the EPRDF, under Abiy, was dissolved and he inaugurated the pan-ethnic Prosperity Party which won the 2021 Ethiopian Election, returning him as prime minister. But both political entities were different kinds of responses to the ongoing tension between constitutional ethnic federalism and the Ethiopian state's authority. Over the same period, and all administrations, a range of major conflicts with ethnic roots have occurred or continued, and the press and availability of information have been controlled.[2] There has also been dramatic economic growth and liberalization, which has itself been attributed to, and used to justify, authoritarian state policy.[3]
^Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Jeffrey, James. "Ethiopia's Tigray conflict and the battle to control information". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-05-12.
^"Doing it my way". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2023-05-12.
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