Cumulative Human Cases of and Deaths from H5N1 As of April 11, 2007
Notes:
Source WHO Confirmed Human Cases of H5N1
"[T]he incidence of human cases peaked, in each of the three years in which cases have occurred, during the period roughly corresponding to winter and spring in the northern hemisphere. If this pattern continues, an upsurge in cases could be anticipated starting in late 2006 or early 2007." Avian influenza – epidemiology of human H5N1 cases reported to WHO
The regression curve for deaths is y = a + ek x, and is shown extended through the end of April, 2007.
The global spread of (highly pathogenic) H5N1 in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat.
While prior H5N1 strains have been known, they were significantly different from the 2006 strain of H5N1 on a genetic level, making the global spread of this new strain unprecedented. The 2006 strain of H5N1 is a fast-mutating, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) found in multiple bird species. It is both epizootic (an epidemic in non-humans) and panzootic (a disease affecting animals of many species especially over a wide area). Unless otherwise indicated, "H5N1" in this article refers to the highly pathogenic 2006 strain of H5N1.
In the first two months of 2006 H5N1 spread to Africa and Europe in wild bird populations possibly signaling the beginning of H5N1 being endemic in wild migratory bird populations on multiple continents for decades, permanently changing the way poultry are farmed. In addition, the spread of highly pathogenic H5N1 to wild birds, birds in zoos and even sometimes to mammals (example: pet cats) raises many unanswered questions concerning best practices for threat mitigation, trying to balance reducing risks of human and nonhuman deaths from the current nonpandemic strain with reducing possible pandemic deaths by limiting its chances of mutating into a pandemic strain. Not using vaccines can result in the need to kill significant numbers of farm and zoo birds, while using vaccines can increase the chance of a pandemic.[dubious – discuss]
By April 2006, scientists had concluded that containment had failed due to the role of wild birds in transmitting the virus and were now emphasizing far more comprehensive risk mitigation and management measures.[1]
In June 2006 the World Health Organization predicted an upsurge in human deaths due to H5N1 during late 2006 or early 2007. In July and August 2006, significantly increased numbers of bird deaths due to H5N1 were recorded in Cambodia, China, Laos, Nigeria, and Thailand while continuing unabated a rate unparalleled in Indonesia. In September, Egypt and Sudan joined the list of nations seeing a resurgence of bird deaths due to H5N1; followed by Vietnam and South Korea in December.
H5N1
Influenza A virus
subtype H5N1
Genetic structure
Infection
Human mortality
Global spread
in 2004
in 2005
in 2006
in 2007
2020–2024
Social impact
Pandemic
Vaccine
v
t
e
^International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) (April 14, 2006). "Scientific Seminar on Avian Influenza, the Environment and Migratory Birds". Avian Influenza & Wild Birds Bulletin. 123 (1). Archived from the original on April 27, 2006. Retrieved September 30, 2006.
and 28 Related for: Global spread of H5N1 in 2006 information
The globalspreadof (highly pathogenic) H5N1in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. While prior H5N1 strains have been known, they were...
The globalspreadofH5N1 influenza in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. While other H5N1 influenza strains are known, they are significantly...
The globalspreadof (highly pathogenic) H5N1in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. While prior H5N1 strains have been known, they were...
The globalspreadof (highly pathogenic) H5N1in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. While prior H5N1 strains have been known, they were...
The globalspreadof (highly pathogenic) H5N1in birds is considered a significant pandemic threat. While prior H5N1 strains have been known, they were...
subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus, which causes influenza (flu), predominantly in birds. It is enzootic (maintained in the population)...
formulated against several of the avian H5N1 influenza varieties. Vaccination of poultry against the H5N1 epizootic is widespread in certain countries. Some...
H5N1 influenza virus is a type of influenza A virus which mostly infects birds. H5N1 flu is a concern due to the its globalspread that may constitute...
wide variety of bird species have been shown to contract and spread Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, from waterfowl to poultry and birds of prey, mammalian...
H3N2 caused "Hong Kong flu" in the late 1960s H5N1 is considered a global influenza pandemic threat through its spreadin the mid-2000s H7N9 is responsible...
resulted in the decreased enrollment of girls in school in Turkey. * Subtypes of Influenza A virus Influenza A virus subtype H5N1GlobalspreadofH5N1 Transmission...
a deadly avian strain of H5N1 posed a great risk for a new influenza pandemic; however, this virus did not mutate to spread easily between people.[permanent...
A/Fujian (H5N1) bird flu is notable for its resistance to standard medical countermeasures and its rapid spread. This variant of the H5N1 virus also...
pandemic for government preparation for an H5N1 pandemic The social impact ofH5N1 is the effect or influence ofH5N1in human society, especially the financial...
outbreak of the H5N1 virus in India in2006 negatively affected the people living in the area, as the poultry industry was their main source of income at...
available data on the spreadofH5N1in wild birds in Africa and Asia. Without such data, predicting how the disease might spreadin the future is difficult...
The 2007 Bernard Matthews H5N1 outbreak was an occurrence of avian influenza in England caused by the H5N1 subtype of Influenza virus A that began on...
H5N1 genetic structure is the molecular structure of the H5N1 virus's RNA. H5N1 is an Influenza A virus subtype. Experts believe it might mutate into...
H5N1 clinical trials are clinical trials concerning H5N1 vaccines, which are intended to provide immunization to influenza A virus subtype H5N1. They...
confirmed human case of H5N2 was reported in Mexico. In China, inactivated H5N2 has been effectively used as a poultry vaccine for H5N1. In December 2017, the...
only H5N1, but also other untested viruses. White Nose Syndrome (WNS) is a rapidly spreading fungal infection responsible for killing millions of bats...
"Asian lineage HPAI A(H5N1)") that is spreadingglobally and is epizootic (an epidemic in nonhumans) and panzootic (affecting animals of many species, especially...
cause a human pandemic, revealing the H5N1 virus from a new perspective. A real threat to global public health. In July, she and researchers found that...
amantadine and rimantadine in H3N2 in humans had increased to 91% by 2005. In August 2004, researchers in China found H5N1in pigs. The Hong Kong Flu was...
by antigenic shift. In August 2004, researchers in China found H5N1in pigs. These H5N1 infections may be common. In a survey of 10 apparently healthy...
identified in a few H5N1 isolates from infected patients treated with oseltamivir, and have emerged spontaneously in Egypt. As of 2013[update], two of 14 adults...