The First Czechoslovak Republic (Czech: První československá republika, Slovak: Prvá československá republika), often colloquially referred to as the First Republic (Czech: První republika, Slovak: Prvá republika), was the first Czechoslovak state that existed from 1918 to 1938, a union of ethnic Czechs and Slovaks. The country was commonly called Czechoslovakia (Czech and Slovak: Československo), a compound of Czech and Slovak; which gradually became the most widely used name for its successor states. It was composed of former territories of Austria-Hungary, inheriting different systems of administration from the formerly Austrian (Bohemia, Moravia, a small part of Silesia) and Hungarian territories (mostly Upper Hungary and Carpathian Ruthenia).
After 1933, Czechoslovakia remained the only de facto functioning democracy in Central Europe, organized as a parliamentary republic. Under pressure from its Sudeten German minority, supported by neighbouring Nazi Germany, Czechoslovakia was forced to cede its Sudetenland region to Germany on 1 October 1938 as part of the Munich Agreement. It also ceded southern parts of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia to Hungary and the Trans-Olza region in Silesia to Poland. This, in effect, ended the First Czechoslovak Republic. It was replaced by the Second Czechoslovak Republic, which lasted less than half a year before Germany occupied the rest of Czechoslovakia in March 1939.
^"1920 Czechoslovak Constitution". Wikisource.
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The Second CzechoslovakRepublic (Czech: Druhá Česko-Slovenská republika, Slovak: Druhá Česko-Slovenská republika) existed for 169 days, between 30 September...
Third CzechoslovakRepublic (Czech: Třetí Československá republika, Slovak: Tretia česko-slovenská republika), officially the CzechoslovakRepublic (Czech:...
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On 29 February 1920, the National Assembly of the FirstCzechoslovakRepublic adopted the Czechoslovak Constitution and, on the same day, a set of constitutional...
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more industrialized, and in 1918 most of it became part of the FirstCzechoslovakRepublic following the collapse of Austria-Hungary after World War I....
First CzechoslovakRepublic (1918–38) Second CzechoslovakRepublic (1938–39) Third CzechoslovakRepublic (1948–60) Fourth CzechoslovakRepublic (1960–89)...
insignia. Roundel of FirstCzechoslovakRepublic (1918-1920) First roundel of Slovak Insurgents (1939-1944) Roundel of first Slovak Republic Air Force (1941-1945)...
from the creation of the FirstCzechoslovakRepublic in 1918 until the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic on 1 January 1993. In periods...
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The Czechoslovak koruna (in Czech and Slovak: koruna československá, at times koruna česko-slovenská; koruna means crown) was the currency of Czechoslovakia...
(1822–1832) First Spanish Republic (1873–1874) First Portuguese Republic (1910–1926) First Hungarian Republic (1918–1920) FirstCzechoslovakRepublic (1918–1938)...
declared it to be part of Czechoslovakia two days later. During the FirstCzechoslovakRepublic (1918–1938), Carpathian Germans had a specific political party...
from the creation of the FirstCzechoslovakRepublic in 1918 until the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic on 1 January 1993. During...
PRAHG; Czech: Praha [ˈpraɦa] ) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home...
Austria-Hungary. By the Czechoslovak declaration of independence in 1918, the remaining Czech lands became part of the FirstCzechoslovakRepublic. The Bohemian...
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