The expansion ratio of a liquefied and cryogenic substance is the volume of a given amount of that substance in liquid form compared to the volume of the same amount of substance in gaseous form, at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.[1]
If a sufficient amount of liquid is vaporized within a closed container, it produces pressures that can rupture the pressure vessel. Hence the use of pressure relief valves and vent valves are important.[2]
The expansion ratio of liquefied and cryogenic from the boiling point to ambient is:
nitrogen – 1 to 696
liquid helium – 1 to 745
argon – 1 to 842
liquid hydrogen – 1 to 850
liquid oxygen – 1 to 860
neon – Neon has the highest expansion ratio with 1 to 1445.[3][4]
^Rick Houghton (2007). Emergency Characterization of Unknown Materials. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-7968-0.
^Safetygram-27 Cryogenic Liquid Containers Archived 2008-12-07 at the Wayback Machine
^Handbook of Compressed Gases. Compressed Gas Association. Springer Science & Business Media. 2012-12-06. p. 76. ISBN 9781461306733. Retrieved 27 July 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^"Characteristics". The Linde Group. Archived from the original on 2012-02-18.
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