Cyanines, also referred to as tetramethylindo(di)-carbocyanines[1] are a synthetic dye family belonging to the polymethine group. Although the name derives etymologically from terms for shades of blue, the cyanine family covers the electromagnetic spectrum from near IR to UV.
Chemically, cyanines are a conjugated system between two nitrogen atoms; in each resonance structure, exactly one nitrogen atom is oxidized to an iminium. Typically, they form part of a nitrogenous heterocyclic system.[2]
The main application for cyanine dyes is in biological labeling. Nevertheless, there is a wide literature on both their synthesis and uses, and cyanines are common in some CD and DVD media.
^Kvach, Maksim V.; Ustinov, Alexey V.; Stepanova, Irina A.; Malakhov, Andrei D.; Skorobogatyi, Mikhail V.; Shmanai, Vadim V.; Korshun, Vladimir A. (2008). "A Convenient Synthesis of Cyanine Dyes: Reagents for the Labeling of Biomolecules". European Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2008 (12): 2107–2117. doi:10.1002/ejoc.200701190. ISSN 1099-0690.
^"Cyanine dyes". The IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology. 2014. doi:10.1351/goldbook.C01487.
Cyanines, also referred to as tetramethylindo(di)-carbocyanines are a synthetic dye family belonging to the polymethine group. Although the name derives...
common fluorophores are derivatives of rhodamine (TRITC), coumarin, and cyanine. Newer generations of fluorophores, many of which are proprietary, often...
SYBR Green I (SG) is an asymmetrical cyanine dye used as a nucleic acid stain in molecular biology. The SYBR family of dyes is produced by Molecular Probes...
SYBR Safe is a cyanine dye used as a nucleic acid stain in molecular biology. SYBR Safe is one of a number of SYBR dyes made by the Life Technologies...
51030), gallein (CI 45445) and eriochrome cyanine R also called chromoxane cyanine R and solochrome cyanine (CI 43820). All four have Fe(III) as the mordant...
methine dyes. The most well-known group of methine dyes are the cationic cyanine dyes. Both terminal groups of the chromophore contain nitrogen atoms, whereas...
SYBR Gold is an asymmetrical cyanine dye. It can be used as a stain for double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA, and RNA. SYBR Gold is the most sensitive...
precursor to pesticides. Its 2- and 4-methyl derivatives are precursors to cyanine dyes. Oxidation of quinoline affords quinolinic acid (pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic...
accounting term Dii, the Thracian tribe Dii language DiI, a hydrophobic cyanine dye used in cell biology Dietary Inflammatory Index Delegation of the Ismaili...
self-propelled carriages Cypress Semiconductor (NASDAQ stock symbol) Cy, a code for cyanine dyes Calendar year Common year Common Year (Greyhawk) Chandrayaan programme...
employing more robust fluorophores that are less prone to bleaching (e.g. Cyanine Dyes, Alexa Fluors or DyLight Fluors, AttoDyes, Janelia Dyes and others)...
Cyanin may refer to: Cyanine, a non-systematic name of a synthetic dye family belonging to the polymethine group. Cyanin (anthocyanin) (Cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside)...
also part of the name for several related non-red dyes, such as Alizarine Cyanine Green and Alizarine Brilliant Blue. A notable use of alizarin in modern...
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one of the inventors of the recordable CD and inventor of the original cyanine dye for CD-R, sold its optical disc brand and intellectual property to...
the disc backing layer are potentially susceptible to breakdown. Early cyanine-based dyes used in CD-R were notorious for their lack of UV stability....
addition of erythrosine the emulsion could be made orthochromatic while some cyanine derivatives confer sensitivity to the whole visible spectrum making it...
system, which increases the rate of intersystem crossing for rhodamine and cyanine dyes. The changing of the metal that is a part of the photosensitizer groups...
triphosphate (aminoallyl-UTP, or aaUTP) and NHS amino-reactive dyes (such as cyanine dyes); for single-channel arrays, the coupling stage occurs after hybridization...
began writing the book called "the definitive monograph about cyanine dyes." The Cyanine Dyes and Related Compounds, published in 1964. A serious accident...
is labeled with a red fluorophore (Cyanine 5) and a reference DNA sample is labeled with green fluorophore (Cyanine 3). Equal quantities of the two DNA...
Like ionic cyanines, merocyanines contain two terminal heteroatoms and a polymethine chain in their chromophores. Brooker's merocyanine Cyanine J-aggregate...
England. There Fisher and Hamer researched the preparation and properties of cyanine dyes, which provide spectral sensitivity to photographs and are critical...
modifications made to the well known families of coumarin, rhodamine, and cyanine dyes, and to the xanthene family (of which the fluorescein, an industry-standard...
Acid Blue 83 Brilliant indocyanine 6B, Brillantindocyanin 6B Brilliant Cyanine 6B, Serva Blue R Identifiers CAS Number 6104-59-2 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive...
blue 2 Food blue 1 75781 natural 860-22-0 Indocyanine green Cardiogreen cyanine 3599-32-4 Induline Solvent blue 7 50400 azine 8004-98-6 Iodine green 42556...
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