Cossack Hetmanate information

Zaporozhian Host
Військо Запорозьке (Ukrainian)
Zaporozhian Host Військо Запорозьке (Ukrainian)
1649–1764
	Flag Coat of arms
	The Cossack Hetmanate in 1654
Status	Vassal of the Ottoman Empire (1655–1657); (1669–1685); Protectorate of the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire (since 1654); Concurrent with the Kiev Governorate (1708–1764)
Capital	Chyhyryna (1648–1676); Baturynb (1663–1708); Hlukhivc (1708–1764)
Common languages	Ruthenian, Polish, Yiddish (spoken); Ruthenian, Polish, Latin, Russian (in official use)
Religion	Eastern Orthodox
Government	Stratocratic elective monarchy
Hetman
• 1648–1657 (first)	Bohdan Khmelnytsky
• 1750–1764 (last)	Kirill Razumovsky
Legislature	General Cossack Council ; Council of Officers
History
• Treaty of Zboriv	18 (8) August 1649
• Treaty of Bila Tserkva	1651
• Treaty of Pereyaslav	1654
• Treaty of Andrusovo	1667
• Hetman post abolished in Poland	1686
• Kolomak Articles	1687
• Hetman post abolished in Russia	21 (10) November 1764
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Zaporozhian Sich
	Kiev Voivodeship
Zaporozhian Sich
Little Russia Governorate (1764–1781)
Danubian Sich
Today part of	Ukraine; Russia; Moldova; Belarus
	Hetmanate capital; alternate Hetman residence; Little Russia capital;

The Cossack Hetmanate^{[nb 1]} (Ukrainian: Гетьма́нщина, romanized: Hetmanshchyna; Polish: Hetmanat, Hetmańszczyzna; Russian: Ге́тманщина, romanized: Getmanshchina), officially the Zaporozhian Host or Army of Zaporozhia (Ukrainian: Військо Запорозьке, romanized: Viisko Zaporozke; Latin: Exercitus Zaporoviensis),^[8] is a historical term for the 17th–18th centuries Ukrainian Cossack state^[8] located in central Ukraine.^[5]^[9] It existed between 1649 and 1764, although its administrative-judicial system persisted until 1782.

The Hetmanate was founded by the Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising from 1648 to 1657 in the eastern territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Establishment of vassal relations with the Tsardom of Russia in the Treaty of Pereiaslav of 1654 is considered a benchmark of the Cossack Hetmanate in Soviet, Ukrainian, and Russian historiography. The second Pereiaslav Council in 1659 further restricted the independence of the Hetmanate, and from the Russian side there were attempts to declare agreements reached with Yurii Khmelnytsky in 1659 as nothing more than the "former Bohdan's agreements" of 1654.^[10]^[11]^[12] The 1667 Treaty of Andrusovo, conducted without any representation from the Cossack Hetmanate, established the borders between the Polish and Russian states, dividing the Hetmanate in half along the Dnieper and putting the Zaporozhian Sich under a formal joint Russian-Polish administration.

After a failed attempt to break the union with Russia by Ivan Mazepa in 1708, the whole area was included into the Kyiv Governorate,^[13] and Cossack autonomy was severely restricted. Catherine II of Russia officially abolished the institute of the Hetman in 1764, and from 1764 to 1781, the Cossack Hetmanate was incorporated as the Little Russia Governorate headed by Pyotr Rumyantsev, with the last remnants of the Hetmanate's administrative system abolished in 1781.

^ Kármán & Kunčevic 2013, p. 150.
^ Kármán & Kunčevic 2013, p. 142.
^ Magocsi 2010, p. 369.
^ Яковенко Н. Розділ V. Козацька ера. § 1. Козацька революція 1648–1657 рр. // Нарис історії України з найдавніших часів до кінця XVIII ст. — Київ, 1997.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference EoU was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Smoliy, Valeriy (1991). "Ukrayinsʹka kozatsʹka derzhava" Українська козацька держава [The Ukrainian Cossack State] (PDF). Ukrainian Historical Journal (in Ukrainian) (4). ISSN 0130-5247. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
^ Saltovskiy, Oleksandr (2002). "Kontseptsiyi Ukrayinsʹkoyi Derzhavnosti v Istoriyi Vitchyznyanoyi Politychnoyi Dumky (vid vytokiv do pochatku XX storichchya)" Концепції Української Державності в Історії Вітчизняної Політичної Думки (від витоків до початку XX сторіччя) [Concepts of Ukrainian Statehood in the History of Domestic Political Thought (from its origins to the beginning of the XX century)]. litopys.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Magocsi 2010, p. 245.
^ Saltovskiy, Oleksandr (2002). "КОНЦЕПЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОСТІ В ІСТОРІЇ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ДУМКИ (від витоків до початку XX сторіччя)" [CONCEPTS OF UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD IN THE HISTORY OF DOMESTIC POLITICAL THOUGHT (from its origins to the beginning of the XX century)]. litopys.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
^ Orest Subtelny. [www.brama.com/ukraine/history/pereyaslav/ Treaty of Pereyaslav]. "Ukraine - A History". University of Toronto Press, 1993
^ Horobets, V. The Pereyaslav Rada of 1654 in myths and reality. Newspaper Den. 8 April 2003
^ Пётр Шафранов "О статьях Богдана Хмельницкого 1654 г."//"Киевская Старина" 1889 г.
^ "Decree on the establishment of provinces and cities of rospisanii (Google translation)". Garant-Service. Retrieved 2011-10-03.

Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).

[FOOTNOTEKármánKunčevic2013150-1] Kármán & Kunčevic 2013, p. 150.

[FOOTNOTEKármánKunčevic2013142-2] Kármán & Kunčevic 2013, p. 142.

[FOOTNOTEMagocsi2010369-3] Magocsi 2010, p. 369.

[Яковенко-Хмель-4] Яковенко Н. Розділ V. Козацька ера. § 1. Козацька революція 1648–1657 рр. // Нарис історії України з найдавніших часів до кінця XVIII ст. — Київ, 1997.

[EoU-5] Cite error: The named reference EoU was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[6] Smoliy, Valeriy (1991). "Ukrayinsʹka kozatsʹka derzhava" Українська козацька держава [The Ukrainian Cossack State] (PDF). Ukrainian Historical Journal (in Ukrainian) (4). ISSN 0130-5247. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2016.

[7] Saltovskiy, Oleksandr (2002). "Kontseptsiyi Ukrayinsʹkoyi Derzhavnosti v Istoriyi Vitchyznyanoyi Politychnoyi Dumky (vid vytokiv do pochatku XX storichchya)" Концепції Української Державності в Історії Вітчизняної Політичної Думки (від витоків до початку XX сторіччя) [Concepts of Ukrainian Statehood in the History of Domestic Political Thought (from its origins to the beginning of the XX century)]. litopys.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2014.

[FOOTNOTEMagocsi2010245-8] Magocsi 2010, p. 245.

[10] Saltovskiy, Oleksandr (2002). "КОНЦЕПЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОСТІ В ІСТОРІЇ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ДУМКИ (від витоків до початку XX сторіччя)" [CONCEPTS OF UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD IN THE HISTORY OF DOMESTIC POLITICAL THOUGHT (from its origins to the beginning of the XX century)]. litopys.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. Retrieved 22 December 2014.

[11] Orest Subtelny. [www.brama.com/ukraine/history/pereyaslav/ Treaty of Pereyaslav]. "Ukraine - A History". University of Toronto Press, 1993

[12] Horobets, V. The Pereyaslav Rada of 1654 in myths and reality. Newspaper Den. 8 April 2003

[13] Пётр Шафранов "О статьях Богдана Хмельницкого 1654 г."//"Киевская Старина" 1889 г.

[constitution-garant-14] "Decree on the establishment of provinces and cities of rospisanii (Google translation)". Garant-Service. Retrieved 2011-10-03.

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