16th to 18th-century Cossack polity in modern southern Ukraine
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Free lands of the Zaporozhian Host the Lower
Вольностi Вiйська Запорозького Низового
1552–1775
Flag
Historical map of the Ukrainian Cossack Hetmanate (dark green) and of the territory of the Zaporozhian Cossacks (purple) under the rule of the Russian Empire (1751)
Status
Vassal state of Poland–Lithuania (1583–1657)
Demonym(s)
Zaporozhian Cossacks
Government
Cossack Republic
Historical era
Early modern period
• Established
1552
• Disestablished
1775
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Wild Fields
Novorossiya Governorate
Danubian Sich
Today part of
Ukraine
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The Zaporozhian Sich (Polish: Sicz Zaporoska, Ukrainian: Запорозька Січ, Zaporozka Sich; also Ukrainian: Вольностi Вiйська Запорозького Низового, Volnosti Viiska Zaporozkoho Nyzovoho; Free lands of the Zaporozhian Host the Lower)[1] was a semi-autonomous polity and proto-state[2] of Cossacks that existed between the 16th to 18th centuries, including as an autonomous stratocratic state within the Cossack Hetmanate for over a hundred years,[3][4][5] centred around the region now home to the Kakhovka Reservoir and spanning the lower Dnieper river in Ukraine. In different periods the area came under the sovereignty of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Ottoman Empire, the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire.
In 1775, shortly after Russia annexed the territories ceded to it by the Ottoman Empire under the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774), Catherine the Great disbanded the Sich. She incorporated its territory into the Russian province of Novorossiya.
The term Zaporozhian Sich can also refer metonymically and informally to the whole military-administrative organisation of the Zaporozhian Cossack host.
^Mytsyk, Yu (2003). "Вольностi Вiйська Запорозького Низового" [Freedoms of the Zaporozhian Lowland Army]. Енциклопедія історії України [Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine] (in Ukrainian).
^Essen (2018), p. 83.
^Okinshevych, Lev; Zhukovsky, Arkadii (1989). "Hetman state". Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Vol. 2. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
^Smoliy, Valeriy (1991). Українська козацька держава [The Ukrainian Cossack State] (PDF). Ukrainian Historical Journal (in Ukrainian) (4). ISSN 0130-5247. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
^Saltovskiy, Oleksandr (2002). КОНЦЕПЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОСТІ В ІСТОРІЇ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ДУМКИ (від витоків до початку XX сторіччя) [CONCEPTS OF UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD IN THE HISTORY OF DOMESTIC POLITICAL THOUGHT (from its origins to the beginning of the XX century)]. litopys.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
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direct order that the ZaporozhianSich was to be destroyed. On June 5, 1775, Russian artillery and infantry surrounded the Sich and razed it to the ground...
fortified capital of ZaporozhianSich. They were given significant autonomous privileges, operating as an autonomous state (the Zaporozhian Host) within the...
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Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth the Cossack states (the Cossack Hetmanate and the ZaporozhianSich). The Ukrainian Cossacks were also related to the Ottoman Empire and...
the Ottoman Empire. It was further expanded by the annexation of the ZaporozhianSich in 1775. At various times, Novorossiya encompassed the Moldavian region...
of Baturyn, 1708 Russo-Circassian War, 1763–1864 Liquidation of the ZaporozhianSich, 1775 Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire, 1783 Partitions of...
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Towards the end of the 15th century, the Ukrainian Cossacks formed the ZaporozhianSich centered on the fortified Dnipro islands. Initially a vassal of Polish–Lithuanian...
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The Sich Council (Ukrainian: Січова Рада, Sichova Rada) was the highest branch of government of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, and based at their center, the...
into the Russian Empire, abolishing the Cossack Hetmanate and the ZaporozhianSich, and was one of the people responsible for the suppression of the last...
by the Crimean Khanate. And in 1552 the first Ukrainian proto-state ZaporozhianSich was established. The Wild Fields were traversed by the Muravsky Trail...
establishment of the ZaporozhianSich, names of Ukraine and Ukrainian began to be used in Sloboda Ukraine. After the decline of the ZaporozhianSich and the establishment...
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