Cauda equina and filum terminale seen from behind. The dura mater has been opened and spread out, and the arachnoid mater has been removed.
Identifiers
TA98
A14.1.02.004
TA2
6052
FMA
74897
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The conus medullaris (Latin for "medullary cone") or conus terminalis is the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord. It occurs near lumbar vertebral levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2), occasionally lower.[1][2] The upper end of the conus medullaris is usually not well defined, however, its corresponding spinal cord segments are usually S1–S5.
After the spinal cord tapers out, the spinal nerves continue to branch out diagonally, forming the cauda equina.[1]
The pia mater that surrounds the spinal cord, however, projects directly downward, forming a slender filament called the filum terminale, which connects the conus medullaris to the back of the coccyx. The filum terminale provides a connection between the conus medullaris and the coccyx which stabilizes the entire spinal cord.[3]
^ abCramer, Gregory D. (2014-01-01), Cramer, Gregory D.; Darby, Susan A. (eds.), "Chapter 7 – The Lumbar Region", Clinical Anatomy of the Spine, Spinal Cord, and Ans (Third Edition), Saint Louis: Mosby, pp. 246–311, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-07954-9.00007-4, ISBN 978-0-323-07954-9, retrieved 2020-11-02
^Heary, Robert F.; Iqbal, M. Omar (2019-01-01), Nanda, Anil (ed.), "61 - Spinal Fracture Complications", Complications in Neurosurgery, London: Content Repository Only!, pp. 362–371, ISBN 978-0-323-50961-9, retrieved 2020-11-02
The conusmedullaris (Latin for "medullary cone") or conus terminalis is the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord. It occurs near lumbar vertebral levels...
and proprioceptive sensation. Conusmedullaris syndrome is an injury to the end of the spinal cord the conusmedullaris, located at about the T12–L2 vertebrae...
and the conusmedullaris of the spinal cord. The cauda equina occupies the lumbar cistern, a subarachnoid space inferior to the conusmedullaris. The nerves...
flags", i.e. features which require urgent investigation. After the conusmedullaris (near lumbar vertebral levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2), occasionally lower)...
brainstem, passes through the foramen magnum, and continues through to the conusmedullaris near the second lumbar vertebra before terminating in a fibrous extension...
about 20 cm in length, extending inferior-ward from the apex of the conusmedullaris to attach onto the coccyx.: 453 The filum terminale acts to anchor...
the spinal needle below the conusmedullaris at the L3/L4 or L4/L5 interspinous levels. With growth of the spine, the conus typically reaches the adult...
the lumbar spine it enlarges and is located more centrally. At the conusmedullaris, where the spinal cord tapers, it is located more posteriorly. The...
spine-related injury cauda equina syndrome. It is also seen symmetrically with conusmedullaris and may occur as a temporary side effect of a sacral extradural injection...
verify the function of sensory and motor sacral roots as well as the conusmedullaris. The reflex is spinal mediated and involves S2–S4. The absence of the...
circumference, of about 33 mm. Inferior to the lumbar enlargement is the conusmedullaris. An analogous region for the upper limbs exists at the cervical enlargement...
and loss of sacral reflexes (bulbocavernosus reflex, anal wink). Conusmedullaris syndrome: a lesion similar to cauda equina syndrome however this lesion...
frequently in the lumbosacral region (quite often at the level of the conusmedullaris) and may be seen with other congenital anomalies of the spine including...
nerves, Co, are the 31st pair of spinal nerves. It arises from the conusmedullaris, and its ventral ramus helps form the coccygeal plexus. It does not...
Lunardi P (2005). "Fifth ventricle: an unusual cystic lesion of the conusmedullaris". Spinal Cord. 43 (6): 381–4. doi:10.1038/sj.sc.3101712. PMID 15655569...
interspinous ligament, and ligamentum flavum. Because the spinal cord (conusmedullaris) is typically at the L1 or L2 level of the spine, the needle should...
levels (the spinal cord terminates at the L1–L2 vertebrae with the conusmedullaris), and their axons exit the vertebral column as S2–S4 spinal nerves...
constipation. An upper motor neuron lesion is one that is above the conusmedullaris of the spinal cord and therefore above the vertebral level T12. On...
also cause hydrocephalus. They may also arise in the spinal cord, conusmedullaris and supratentorial locations. Other symptoms can include (but are not...
of the fronto-orbital arteries Lumbar cistern. It extends from the conusmedullaris (L1-L2) to about the level of the second sacral vertebra. It contains...
cord extends from the foramen magnum and continues through to the conusmedullaris near the second lumbar vertebra, terminating in a fibrous extension...
tethered cord. A tethered cord is often diagnosed as a "low conus". The conusmedullaris (or lower termination of the spinal cord) normally terminates...
form into many sacral structures such various nerve endings and the conusmedullaris. The caudal cell mass plays a role in many diseases and abnormalities...
vertebra lies at the level of the transpyloric plane. Despite the conusmedullaris, the end of the spinal cord, being understood to typically terminate...
disease such as lumbar nerve root compression, cauda equina syndrome, conusmedullaris lesions, and spinal stenosis. This is done for those who are unwilling...
well as blood vessels. At the point where the pia mater reaches the conusmedullaris or medullary cone at the end of the spinal cord, the membrane extends...
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