ADAM Complex, amniotic band sequence, amniotic band syndrome, amniotic disruption complex, amniochorionic mesoblastic fibrous strings, congenital amputation, constriction band syndrome, congenital constriction bands, Streeter bands, tissue bands, Pseudoainhum[1]
An infant's hand affected by constriction ring syndrome
Specialty
Pediatrics
Constriction ring syndrome (CRS) is a congenital disorder with unknown cause. Because of the unknown cause there are many different, and sometimes incorrect names. It is a malformation due to intrauterine bands or rings that give deep grooves in, most commonly, distal extremities like fingers and toes. In rare cases the constriction ring can form around other parts of the fetus and cause amputation or even intrauterine death. The anatomy proximal to the site of constriction (or amputation) is developmentally normal.[2][3][4]
CRS can be associated with other malformations with club foot being most common.[5][6][7]
The precise configuration of the bands, lymphedema, and character of the amputations are not predictable and vary with each individual patient. Also, more than one extremity is usually affected, and it is rare for only one ring to present as an isolated malformation with no other manifestation of this syndrome.[2][3][8][9]
^Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
^ abPatterson T (1961). "Congenital ring constrictions". Br J Plast Surg. 14 (4): 1–31. doi:10.1016/S0007-1226(61)80002-7. PMID 13733379.
^ abOgino T, Saitou Y (1987). "Congenital constriction band syndrome and transverse deficiency". J Hand Surg Br Vol. 12 (3): 343–348. doi:10.1016/0266-7681(87)90185-9. PMID 3437201.
^Weinzweig N, Barr A (1994). "Radial, ulnar and median nerve palsies caused by a congenital constriction band of the arm: single stage correction". Plast Reconstr Surg. 94 (6): 872–876. doi:10.1097/00006534-199411000-00022. PMID 7972438.
^Montgomery W (1832). "Observations on the spontaneous amputation of the limbs of the fetus in utero with an attempt to explain the occasional cause of its production". Dublin J Med Chem Sci (1): 140. doi:10.1007/BF02967985.
^Light TR, Ogden JA (1993). "Congenital constriction band syndrome. Pathophysiology and treatment". Yale J Biol Med. 66 (66): 143–155. PMC 2588858. PMID 8209551.
^Pillay VK (1965). "Intrauterine amputations and annular limb defects in Singapore". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 47-B (47): 514–519. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.47B3.514.
^Gupta A, Kay SP, Scheker LR. "205". The Growing Hand: Diagnosis and Management of the Upper Extremity in Children. pp. 185–212.
^Moses J, Flatt AE, Cooper R (1979). "Annular constricting bands". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 61 (4): 562–565. doi:10.2106/00004623-197961040-00011. PMID 374416.
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