The conditional mood (abbreviated cond) is a grammatical mood used in conditional sentences to express a proposition whose validity is dependent on some condition, possibly counterfactual.
It may refer to a distinct verb form that expresses the conditional set of circumstances proper in the dependent clause or protasis (e.g. in Turkish or Azerbaijani[a]), or which expresses the hypothetical state of affairs or uncertain event contingent to it in the independent clause or apodosis, or both (e.g. in Hungarian or Finnish[b]). Some languages distinguish more than one conditional mood; the East African language Hadza, for example, has a potential conditional expressing possibility, and a veridical conditional expressing certainty. Other languages [which?] do not have a conditional mood at all [citation needed]. In some informal contexts, such as language teaching, it may be called the "conditional tense".
Some languages have verb forms called "conditional" although their use is not exclusive to conditional expression. Examples are the English and French conditionals (an analytic construction in English,[c] but inflected verb forms in French), which are morphologically futures-in-the-past,[1] and of which each has thus been referred to as a "so-called conditional"[1][2] (French: soi-disant conditionnel[3][4][5]) in modern and contemporary linguistics (e.g. French je chanterais, from Late Latin cantāre habēbam, in si vous me le permettiez, je chanterais, "if you allowed me to do so, I would sing" [so-called conditional] vs. j'ai dit que je chanterais, "I said that I would sing" [future-in-the-past]). The English would construction may also be used for past habitual action ("When I was young I would happily walk three miles to school every day").
This article describes the formation of the conditional forms of verbs in certain languages. For fuller details of the construction of conditional sentences, see Conditional sentence (and for English specifically, English conditional sentences).
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^ abComrie, Bernard (1985). Tense. p. 75. ISBN 9780521281386.
^Meyer, Paul Georg (2005). Synchronic English Linguistics: An Introduction. ISBN 9783823361916.
^Aug. Scheler (1845). Mémoire sur la conjugaison française considérée sous le rapport étymologique. p. 17.
^A. Rogge (1874). Étude sur l'emploi qu'on fait en français des temps et des modes dans les phrases hypothétiques.
^Fréd. Guillaume Wolper (1874). Étude sur le conditionnel.
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(to live) ~ Vivr-, Volere (to want) ~ Vorr- etc. The Italian conditionalmood is a mood that refers to an action that is possible or likely, but is dependent...
Counterfactual conditionals (also subjunctive or X-marked) are conditional sentences which discuss what would have been true under different circumstances...
well. The conditionalmood corresponds mostly to 'would' or 'should' or to the past subjunctive in English. (Finnish lacks a subjunctive mood.) The potential...
the third conditional), while the main clause is in the conditionalmood as in the second conditional (i.e. simple conditional or conditional progressive...
eight simple tense–aspect–mood forms, categorized into the indicative, subjunctive and imperative moods, with the conditionalmood sometimes viewed as an...
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and past tense, volition, passive voice, causation, imperative and conditionalmood, and ability. There are also special forms for conjunction with other...
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Bulgarian, or else as a category of use of another form, as of the conditionalmood of Italian or French: Il a été amené à l'hôpital. "He was taken to...
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imperative mood (impératif), and the conditionalmood (conditionnel). The non-finite moods include the infinitive mood (infinitif), the present participle...
simultaneously both the suffix -мэ (-ma) and the suffix -ми (-mi). The conditionalmood can be indicated by adding the suffix ~кӏэ (~t͡ʃʼ). For example: Натрыфыр...