In Sudan, climate change has caused an increase in temperatures, a decline in rainfall and driven desertification.[1] Climate change poses significant challenges for rainfed agriculture and therefore the entire economy.[2] Analysis of weather patterns suggest drought conditions and other extreme weather increased in Sudan during the 20th century.[3] The relationship between climate change, water conflict and the war in Sudan has also been a topic of academic debate.[4]
Blue Nile state has experienced significant impacts from climate change, being one of Sudan's fastest-warming regions. Since the 1970s, temperatures have risen by 1 °C (1.8 °F) each year. Moreover, there has been a 30 years decline in rainfall, which is becoming more irregular. Groundwater depletion has been observed Wad el-Mahi. Seasonal floods from the Blue Nile river and other streams have also worsened environmental conditions. Environmental degradation has been exacerbated by the excessive cutting of trees for charcoal production and improper handling of liquid and solid waste.[5]
^Alvi, Shamsul Haque (1994-08-01). "Climatic changes, desertification and the Republic of Sudan". GeoJournal. 33 (4): 393–399. doi:10.1007/BF00806422. ISSN 1572-9893. S2CID 189882209.
^Siddig, Khalid; Stepanyan, Davit; Wiebelt, Manfred; Grethe, Harald; Zhu, Tingju (2020-03-01). "Climate change and agriculture in the Sudan: Impact pathways beyond changes in mean rainfall and temperature". Ecological Economics. 169: 106566. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106566. hdl:10568/101350. ISSN 0921-8009. S2CID 146321871.
^Elagib, Nadir Ahmed; Mansell, Martin G. (2000-04-01). "Climate impacts of environmental degradation in Sudan". GeoJournal. 50 (4): 311–327. doi:10.1023/A:1011071917001. ISSN 1572-9893. S2CID 153835620.
^Selby, Jan; Hoffmann, Clemens (2014-11-01). "Beyond scarcity: Rethinking water, climate change and conflict in the Sudans". Global Environmental Change. 29: 360–370. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.01.008. hdl:11693/53618. ISSN 0959-3780. S2CID 26353802.
^"Situation in the Blue Nile" (PDF). unicef.org.
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