For the Spanish crime thriller television series, see Chromosome 21 (TV series).
Chromosome 21
Human chromosome 21 pair after G-banding. One is from the mother, one is from the father.
Chromosome 21 pair in human male karyogram.
Features
Length (bp)
45,090,682 bp (CHM13)
No. of genes
215 (CCDS)[1]
Type
Autosome
Centromere position
Acrocentric[2] (12.0 Mbp[3])
Complete gene lists
CCDS
Gene list
HGNC
Gene list
UniProt
Gene list
NCBI
Gene list
External map viewers
Ensembl
Chromosome 21
Entrez
Chromosome 21
NCBI
Chromosome 21
UCSC
Chromosome 21
Full DNA sequences
RefSeq
NC_000021 (FASTA)
GenBank
CM000683 (FASTA)
Chromosome 21 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Chromosome 21 is both the smallest human autosome and chromosome,[4] with 45 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) representing about 1.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Most people have two copies of chromosome 21, while those with three copies of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) have Down syndrome.
Researchers working on the Human Genome Project announced in May 2000 that they had determined the sequence of base pairs that make up this chromosome.[5] Chromosome 21 was the second human chromosome to be fully sequenced, after chromosome 22.
^Cite error: The named reference CCDS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-136-84407-2.
^Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
^"Chromosome 21".
^Hattori, M.; Fujiyama, A.; Taylor, T. D.; Watanabe, H.; Yada, T.; Park, H.-S.; Toyoda, A.; Ishii, K.; Totoki, Y.; Choi, D.-K.; Soeda, E.; Ohki, M.; Takagi, T.; Sakaki, Y.; Taudien, S.; Blechschmidt, K.; Polley, A.; Menzel, U.; Delabar, J.; Kumpf, K.; Lehmann, R.; Patterson, D.; Reichwald, K.; Rump, A.; Schillhabel, M.; Schudy, A.; Zimmermann, W.; Rosenthal, A.; Kudoh, J.; et al. (2000). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21". Nature. 405 (6784): 311–319. Bibcode:2000Natur.405..311H. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953.
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