Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Nverify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references
Chemical compound
Cholic acid, also known as 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid is a primary bile acid[3] that is insoluble in water (soluble in alcohol and acetic acid), it is a white crystalline substance. Salts of cholic acid are called cholates. Cholic acid, along with chenodeoxycholic acid, is one of the two major bile acids produced by the liver, where it is synthesized from cholesterol. These two major bile acids are roughly equal in concentration in humans.[4] Derivatives are made from cholyl-CoA, which exchanges its CoA with either glycine, or taurine, yielding glycocholic and taurocholic acid, respectively.[5]
Cholic acid downregulates cholesterol-7-α-hydroxylase (rate-limiting step in bile acid synthesis), and cholesterol does the opposite. This is why chenodeoxycholic acid, and not cholic acid, can be used to treat gallstones (because decreasing bile acid synthesis would supersaturate the stones even more).[6][7]
Cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid are the most important human bile acids. Other species may synthesize different bile acids as their predominant primary bile acids.[8]
^Cite error: The named reference Cholbam FDA label was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Orphacol EPAR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Colleen Smith; Lieberman, Michael; Marks, Dawn B.; Allan D. Marks (2007). Marks' essential medical biochemistry. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-9340-7.
^Bennion LJ, Ginsberg RL, Gernick MB, Bennett PH (January 1976). "Effects of oral contraceptives on the gallbladder bile of normal women". N. Engl. J. Med. 294 (4): 189–92. doi:10.1056/NEJM197601222940403. PMID 1244533.
^Iser JH, Dowling H, Mok HY, Bell GD (August 1975). "Chenodeoxycholic acid treatment of gallstones. A follow-up report and analysis of factors influencing response to therapy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 293 (8): 378–83. doi:10.1056/NEJM197508212930804. PMID 1152936.
^
Alan F. Hofmann; Johnson L. Thistle; Peter D. Klein; Patricia A. Szczepanik; Paulina Y. S. Yu (1978). "Chenotherapy for Gallstone Dissolution, II. Induced Changes in Bile Composition and Gallstone Response". JAMA. 239 (12): 1138–1144. doi:10.1001/jama.1978.03280390034017. PMID 628065.
^Hofmann AF, Hagey LR, Krasowski MD (February 2010). "Bile salts of vertebrates: structural variation and possible evolutionary significance". J. Lipid Res. 51 (2): 226–46. doi:10.1194/jlr.R000042. PMC 2803226. PMID 19638645.
Cholicacid, also known as 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid is a primary bile acid that is insoluble in water (soluble in alcohol and acetic...
glycocholic acid (derivatives of cholicacid) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (derivatives of chenodeoxycholic acid) are the...
bile acids secreted by the liver are cholicacid and chenodeoxycholic acid. Bacteria metabolize chenodeoxycholic acid into the secondary bile acid lithocholic...
the bile of mammals. It is a conjugate of cholicacid with glycine. Its anion is called glycocholate. Taurocholic acid "Glycocholic Acid". MeSH. v t e...
conjugate of cholicacid with taurine. In medical use, it is administered as a cholagogue and choleretic. Hydrolysis of taurocholic acid yields taurine...
are manufactured from cholicacid derived from bovine bile combined with dry bovine bile powder, porcine ursodeoxycholic acid, taurine, bilirubin, cholesterol...
Dehydrocholic acid is a synthetic bile acid, manufactured by the oxidation of cholicacid. It acts as a hydrocholeretic, increasing bile output to clear...
7-oxo-CDCA then reduced into UDCA. UDCA is most commonly produced from cholicacid (CA) derived from bovine bile, a by-product of the beef industry. The...
synthesized from cholicacid and is zwitterionic due to its quaternary ammonium and sulfonate groups; it is structurally similar to certain bile acids, such as...
Fatty acid metabolism consists of various metabolic processes involving or closely related to fatty acids, a family of molecules classified within the...
hydroxyl group to produce cholicacid. Some other mammals have muricholic acid or deoxycholic acid rather than chenodeoxycholic acid. It occurs as a white...
other species. Muricholic acids differ from the primary bile acids found in humans, cholicacid and chenodeoxycholic acid, by having a hydroxyl group...
disease. Aramchol, a conjugate of cholicacid and arachidic acid, is a member of a synthetic fatty-acid/bile-acid conjugate (FABAC). FABACs are composed...
The CYP27A1 gene, responsible for bile acid production, is mutated, reducing chenodeoxycholic acid and cholicacid, leading to increased synthesis of...
preparing this drug prior to 1952 was a lengthy synthesis starting from cholicacid isolated from bile. In 1952, two Upjohn biochemists, Dury Peterson and...
gut and excreted into the bile at the same rate as cholicacid, one of the major natural bile acids in humans. It undergoes secretion into the biliary...
and animals, typically in the form of sterols, steroids and bile acids (e.g. cholicacid). 5α-Cholane 5β-Cholane Cholestane Ergostane International Union...
Hepatocytes metabolize cholesterol to cholicacid and chenodeoxycholic acid. These lipid-soluble bile acids are conjugated (reversibly attached) mainly...
acid differs from the primary bile acids found in humans by having a third hydroxyl group in the α-conformation at the 6-position, unlike cholicacid...
chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) into secondary bile acids (BAs) lithocholic acid (LCA) and deoxy cholicacid (DCA) respectively. Primary bile acids which are synthesized...
principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid Cholicacid, a bile acid, showing the carboxylic acid and additional hydroxyl groups often present Dexamethasone...
Production of steroids from 16-DPA Production of ursodeoxycholic acid from cholicacid Goodman, Jordan; Walsh, Vivien (5 March 2001). The Story of Taxol:...
acid synthesis is defective due to lack of side chain modifications; for example, the last steps in the synthesis of chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic...
suleptanate (Medrosol, Promedrol). Synthetic steroids are synthesized from cholicacid and sapogenins obtained from cattle and plants, respectively. Methylprednisolone...
mass: 408.57 g/mol) may refer to: Cholicacid Hyocholic acid, or 3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid Muricholic acids This set index page lists chemical...
as cholicacid and chenodeoxycholic acid (and their conjugated forms), and a decreased abundance of secondary bile acids such as lithocholic acid and...
and secondary bile acids may lead to PSC via the gut-liver axis. The primary bile acidscholicacid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) are synthesized...
Global Information
verify (what is 
?)
