Methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol, Medrol, Solu-Medrol) is a synthetic glucocorticoid, primarily prescribed for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.[4][5][6] It is either used at low doses for chronic illnesses or used concomitantly at high doses during acute flares. Methylprednisolone and its derivatives can be administered orally or parenterally.[7]
Regardless of route of administration, methylprednisolone integrates systemically as exhibited by its effectiveness to quickly reduce inflammation during acute flares.[8] It is associated with many adverse reactions that require tapering off the drug as soon as the disease is under control.[9] Serious side effects include iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, hypertension, osteoporosis, diabetes, infection, and skin atrophy.[9]
Chemically, methylprednisolone is a synthetic pregnane steroid hormone derived from hydrocortisone and prednisolone. It belongs to a class of synthetic glucocorticoids and more generally, corticosteroids. It acts as a mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor agonist. In comparison to other exogenous glucocorticoids, methylprednisolone has a higher affinity to glucocorticoid receptors than to mineralocorticoid receptors.
Glucocorticoid's name was derived after the discovery of their involvement in regulating carbohydrate metabolism.[9] The cellular functions of glucocorticoids, such as methylprednisolone, are now understood to regulate homeostasis, metabolism, development, cognition, and inflammation.[9] They play a critical role in adapting and responding to environmental, physical and emotional stress.[9]
Methylprednisolone was first synthesized and manufactured by The Upjohn Company (now Pfizer) and FDA approved in the United States in October 1957.[10] In 2021, it was the 168th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3million prescriptions.[11][12] Methylprednisolone is also on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines for its effects against lymphoid leukemia.[13]
^"Methylprednisolone Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 20 August 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
^"Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
^"List of nationally authorised medicinal products : Active substance: methylprednisolone : Procedure no. PSUSA/00002026/202011" (PDF). European Medicines Agency (EMA). Retrieved 12 March 2022.
^Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ (2012). Basic & clinical pharmacology (12th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN 978-0-07-176401-8. OCLC 761378641.
^Timmermans S, Souffriau J, Libert C (2019). "A General Introduction to Glucocorticoid Biology". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 1545. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01545. PMC 6621919. PMID 31333672.
^Xavier AM, Anunciato AK, Rosenstock TR, Glezer I (2016). "Gene Expression Control by Glucocorticoid Receptors during Innate Immune Responses". Frontiers in Endocrinology. 7: 31. doi:10.3389/fendo.2016.00031. PMC 4835445. PMID 27148162.
^Ocejo A, Correa R (2020). "Methylprednisolone". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 31335060. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
^ abcdeParagliola RM, Papi G, Pontecorvi A, Corsello SM (October 2017). "Treatment with Synthetic Glucocorticoids and the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 18 (10): 2201. doi:10.3390/ijms18102201. PMC 5666882. PMID 29053578.
^"Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 5 December 2020.
^"The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^"Methylprednisolone - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list 2021. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
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Methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol, Medrol, Solu-Medrol) is a synthetic glucocorticoid, primarily prescribed for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive...
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Methylprednisolone acetate, sold under the brand names Depo-Medrol among others, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid and a corticosteroid ester—specifically...
Methylprednisolone succinate, sold under the brand name Solu-Medrol among others, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid and a corticosteroid ester—specifically...
8-dioxooctanoate) ester of methylprednisolone. It acts as a prodrug of methylprednisolone. Methylprednisolone suleptanate was developed as an improved...
PBS-subsidised abiraterone acetate has commenced). Abiraterone acetate/methylprednisolone, sold under the brand name Yonsa Mpred, is a composite package that...
Diflorasone Clinical data Other names 6α,9α-Difluoro-16β-methylprednisolone; 6α,9α-Difluoro-11β,17α,21-trihydroxy-16β-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione...
20 mg hydrocortisone, 5 mg of prednisolone or prednisone, 4 mg of methylprednisolone or triamcinolone, or 0.75 mg of betamethasone or dexamethasone. The...
prescribed when the patient does not respond well to prednisone or methylprednisolone.[medical citation needed] It can be used in congenital adrenal hyperplasia...
used for multifocal motor neuropathy. According to Lopate, et al., methylprednisolone is a viable treatment for chronic inflammatory demyelinative polyneuropathy...
had complete resolution of symptoms after intravenous therapy with methylprednisolone. Francis, H; Awadzi, K; Ottesen EA (1985). "The Mazzotti reaction...
for acute asthma flare. The medications included prednisone, and methylprednisolone, plus albuterol, beclomethasone, dexamethasone, cromolyn, salmeterol...
as methylprednisolone or dexamethasone, followed by 3–6 weeks of gradually lower oral doses of prednisolone. Patients treated with methylprednisolone have...
administration of high doses of intravenous corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, is the usual therapy, with oral corticosteroids seeming to have a...
Blumenfeld G, Hammer S (Nov 1959). "The effect of prednisone and 6-methylprednisolone on mercurial diuresis in patients with refractory cardiac edema"....
not present in this list, which follows the WHO version. D07AA01 Methylprednisolone D07AA02 Hydrocortisone D07AA03 Prednisolone D07AB01 Clobetasone D07AB02...
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