A carroccio (Italian pronunciation:[karˈrɔttʃo]; Lombard: carroç) was a large four-wheeled wagon bearing the city signs around which the militia of the medieval communes gathered and fought. It was particularly common among the Lombard, Tuscan and, more generally, northern Italian municipalities. Later its use spread even outside Italy. It was the symbol of municipal autonomy.[1] Priests celebrated Mass at the altar before the battle, and the trumpeters beside them encouraged the fighters to the fray.[2]
Defended by selected troops, paved with the colors of the municipality,[3] it was generally pulled by oxen and carried an altar, a bell (called "martinella"), the heraldic signs of the city and a mast surmounted by a Christian cross. In peace time it was kept in the main church of the city to which it belonged.
In battle the carroccio was surrounded by the bravest warriors in the army as the carroccio guard, and it served both as a rallying point and as the palladium of the city's honour; its capture by the enemy was regarded as an irretrievable defeat and humiliation.[2]
^"Ars Bellica - Le grandi battaglie della storia - La battaglia di Legnano" (in Italian). Retrieved 29 June 2015.
^ abChisholm 1911, p. 408.
^Mallett, Michael (2006). Signori e mercenari - La guerra nell'Italia del Rinascimento [Mercenaries and their masters] (in Italian). Bologna: Il Mulino. p. 21. ISBN 88-15-11407-6.
A carroccio (Italian pronunciation: [karˈrɔttʃo]; Lombard: carroç) was a large four-wheeled wagon bearing the city signs around which the militia of the...
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pageant and a horse race. Until 2005 the whole event was named Sagra del Carroccio. Legnano is subdivided into eight contrade, each of which takes part both...
arms. According to Galvano Fiamma, the Company of Death defended the Carroccio to the extreme and then carried out, in the final stages of the battle...
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which Mass was celebrated before a battle. The ultimate example is the carroccio of the medieval Italian city states, which was a four-wheeled mobile shrine...
04.006. PMID 26060112. Catassi C, Bai JC, Bonaz B, Bouma G, Calabrò A, Carroccio A, et al. (September 2013). "Non-Celiac Gluten sensitivity: the new frontier...
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at the Wayback Machine National Institute of Health (NIH) Pastore L, Carroccio A, Compilato D, Panzarella V, Serpico R, Lo Muzio L (2008). "Oral manifestations...
the arrival of the Holy Roman army, the Lombard infantry constructed a carroccio, a sacred war wagon which displayed a vexillum, to take into battle. The...
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were related to gluten ingestion. Mansueto P, Seidita A, D'Alcamo A, Carroccio A (2014). "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: literature review". Journal...
Lega. Crollo del Partito democratico. Centrodestra prima coalizione. Il Carroccio sorpassa Forza Italia". La Repubblica (in Italian). 4 March 2018. Retrieved...
Lega. Crollo del Partito democratico. Centrodestra prima coalizione. Il Carroccio sorpassa Forza Italia" [Political elections: M5s and Lega win. Collapse...
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