A hand affected by rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune form of arthritis
Pronunciation
/ɑːrˈθraɪtɪs/[1]
Specialty
Rheumatology
Symptoms
Joint pain, stiffness, redness, swelling, decreased range of motion[2][3]
Complications
Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome[4]
Types
> 100, most common (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis)[5][6][7]
Risk factors
Family history, age, sex trait, previous joint injury, obesity.[8]
Treatment
Resting, applying ice or heat, weight loss, exercise, joint replacement[7]
Medication
Ibuprofen, paracetamol (acetaminophen)[9]
Arthritis is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints.[2] Symptoms generally include joint pain and stiffness.[2] Other symptoms may include redness, warmth, swelling, and decreased range of motion of the affected joints.[2][3] In some types of arthritis, other organs are also affected.[7] Onset can be gradual or sudden.[6]
There are over 100 types of arthritis.[10][5][6] The most common forms are osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) and rheumatoid arthritis.[7] Osteoarthritis usually occurs with age and affects the fingers, knees, and hips.[7][11] Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that often affects the hands and feet.[7] Other types include gout, lupus, fibromyalgia, and septic arthritis.[7][12] They are all types of rheumatic disease.[2]
Treatment may include resting the joint and alternating between applying ice and heat.[7][13] Weight loss and exercise may also be useful.[7][14] Recommended medications may depend on the form of arthritis.[15][9] These may include pain medications such as ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen).[9] In some circumstances, a joint replacement may be useful.[7]
Osteoarthritis affects more than 3.8% of people, while rheumatoid arthritis affects about 0.24% of people.[16] Gout affects about 1–2% of the Western population at some point in their lives.[17] In Australia about 15% of people are affected by arthritis,[18] while in the United States more than 20% have a type of arthritis.[12][19] Overall the disease becomes more common with age.[12] Arthritis is a common reason that people miss work and can result in a decreased quality of life.[9] The term is derived from arthr- (meaning 'joint') and -itis (meaning 'inflammation').[20][21]
^"arthritis noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary". www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
^ abcde"Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases". NIAMS. October 2014. Archived from the original on 4 October 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
^ ab"Arthritis Types". CDC. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
^ abAthanasiou KA, Darling EM, Hu JC, DuRaine GD, Reddi AH (2013). Articular Cartilage. CRC Press. p. 105. ISBN 9781439853252.
^ abc"Arthritis Basics". CDC. 9 May 2016. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
^ abcdefghij"Living With Arthritis: Health Information Basics for You and Your Family". NIAMS. July 2014. Archived from the original on 4 October 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
^"Arthritis – Overview". mayoclinic.org. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
^ abcd"Arthritis: An Overview". OrthoInfo. October 2007. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
^Clegg HB, Jackson L (2013). Eating well to fight arthritis: 200 easy recipes and practical tips to help reduce inflammation and ease symptoms. Favorite Recipes Press. ISBN 978-0-9815640-5-0. OCLC 854909375.
^"Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of Knees or Hips". Case Medical Research. 1 October 2019. doi:10.31525/ct1-nct04110847. ISSN 2643-4652. S2CID 242704843.
^ abc"Arthritis". CDC. 22 July 2015. Archived from the original on 22 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
^SIDE EFFECTS MAY INCLUDE STRANGERS, McGill-Queen's University Press, 22 October 2020, p. 27, doi:10.2307/j.ctv1ghv4jh.24, S2CID 243669150
^"Blood-pressure pill may also aid weight loss". New Scientist. 198 (2654): 16. May 2008. doi:10.1016/s0262-4079(08)61076-3. ISSN 0262-4079.
^"Higher-than-recommended doses of antipsychotic medications may not benefit people with schizophrenia and may increase side effects". PsycEXTRA Dataset. 2007. doi:10.1037/e603782007-025.
^March L, Smith EU, Hoy DG, Cross MJ, Sanchez-Riera L, Blyth F, et al. (June 2014). "Burden of disability due to musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology. 28 (3): 353–366. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2014.08.002. PMID 25481420.
^"National Health Survey". ABS. 8 December 2015. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
^Pirotta M (September 2010). "Arthritis disease - the use of complementary therapies". Australian Family Physician. 39 (9): 638–640. PMID 20877766.
^Waite M, ed. (2012). Paperback Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 35. ISBN 9780199640942. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
^Leonard C (2015). Quick & Easy Medical Terminology - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 160. ISBN 9780323370646.
Arthritis is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints. Symptoms generally include joint pain and stiffness. Other symptoms may include...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints. It typically results in warm, swollen, and painful joints...
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a long-term inflammatory arthritis that occurs in people affected by the autoimmune disease psoriasis. The classic feature...
Reactive arthritis, also known as Reiter's syndrome, is a form of inflammatory arthritis that develops in response to an infection in another part of...
Gout (/ɡaʊt/ GOWT) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, caused by the deposition...
Acute septic arthritis, infectious arthritis, suppurative arthritis, pyogenic arthritis, osteomyelitis, or joint infection is the invasion of a joint by...
collectively known as rheumatic diseases, which includes many forms of arthritis as well as lupus and Sjögren's syndrome. Doctors who have undergone formal...
Childhood arthritis (juvenile arthritis or pediatric rheumatic disease) is an umbrella term used to describe any rheumatic disease or chronic arthritis-related...
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), formerly known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood,...
interfere with work and normal daily activities. Unlike some other types of arthritis, only the joints, not internal organs, are affected. Causes include previous...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis characterized by long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine, typically where the spine joins...
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Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium...
Inflammatory arthritis is a group of diseases which includes: rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthropathy, inflammatory bowel disease, adult-onset Still's...
increased risk of psoriatic arthritis, lymphomas, cardiovascular disease, Crohn's disease, and depression. Psoriatic arthritis affects up to 30% of individuals...
arthralgia is a symptom of injury, infection, illness (in particular arthritis), or an allergic reaction to medication. According to MeSH, the term "arthralgia"...
specific disorder, but covers at least 200 different conditions, including arthritis and "non-articular rheumatism", also known as "regional pain syndrome"...
The Arthritis Foundation is a nonprofit organization addressing the needs of people living with arthritis in the United States. The Arthritis Foundation...
Arthritis mutilans is a rare medical condition involving severe inflammation damaging the joints of the hands and feet, and resulting in deformation and...
Versus Arthritis is the UK's largest charity dedicated to supporting people with arthritis. It was launched in September 2018, following the legal merger...
spondyloarthropathies, include asymmetric peripheral arthritis (which is distinct from rheumatoid arthritis), arthritis of the toe interphalangeal joints, sausage...
or sexual dysfunction. Causes may include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, spinal tumors, trauma, Paget's disease of the bone, scoliosis, spondylolisthesis...
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