Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension. It makes up about 55% of the body's total blood volume.[1] It is the intravascular part of extracellular fluid (all body fluid outside cells). It is mostly water (up to 95% by volume), and contains important dissolved proteins (6–8%; e.g., serum albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen),[2] glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes (Na+ , Ca2+ , Mg2+ , HCO3−, Cl− , etc.), hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation), and oxygen.[3] It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolyte concentration balanced and protects the body from infection and other blood-related disorders.[4]
Blood plasma is separated from the blood by blood fractionation containing an anticoagulant in a centrifuge until the blood cells fall to the bottom of the tube. The blood plasma is then poured or drawn off.[5] For point-of-care testing applications, plasma can be extracted from whole blood via filtration[6] or via agglutination[7] to allow for rapid testing of specific biomarkers. Blood plasma has a density of approximately 1,025 kg/m3 (1.025 g/ml).[8] Blood serum is blood plasma without clotting factors.[5] Plasmapheresis is a medical therapy that involves blood plasma extraction, treatment, and reintegration.
Fresh frozen plasma is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.[9] It is of critical importance in the treatment of many types of trauma which result in blood loss, and is therefore kept stocked universally in all medical facilities capable of treating trauma (e.g., trauma centers, hospitals, and ambulances) or that pose a risk of patient blood loss such as surgical suite facilities [10]
^Dennis O'Neil (1999). "Blood Components". Palomar College. Archived from the original on June 5, 2013.
^Tuskegee University (May 29, 2013). "Chapter 9 Blood". tuskegee.edu. Archived from the original on December 28, 2013.
^Mathew, Joscilin; Sankar, Parvathy; varacallo, Matthew (2024). "Physiology, blood plasma". Europe PMC. PMID 30285399. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
^"Ways to Keep Your Blood Plasma Healthy". BloodBanker. Archived from the original on November 1, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
^ abMaton A, Hopkins J, McLaughlin CW, Johnson S, Warner MQ, LaHart D, Wright JD (1993). Human Biology and Health. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-981176-1.
^
Tripathi S, Kumar V, Prabhakar A, Joshi S, Agrawal A (2015). "Passive blood plasma separation at the microscale: a review of design principles and microdevices". J. Micromech. Microeng. 25 (8): 083001. Bibcode:2015JMiMi..25h3001T. doi:10.1088/0960-1317/25/8/083001. S2CID 138153068.
^Guo W, Hansson J, van der Wijngaart W (May 2020). "Synthetic Paper Separates Plasma from Whole Blood with Low Protein Loss". Analytical Chemistry. 92 (9): 6194–6199. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01474. PMID 32323979.
^Shmukler M (2004). Elert G (ed.). "Density of blood". The Physics Factbook. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
^"19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (April 2015)" (PDF). WHO. April 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 28, 2019. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
^Soffer D (2008). "Usage of Blood Products in Multiple Casualty Incidents: The Experience of a Level I Trauma Center in Israel". Archives of Surgery. 143 (10): 983–989. doi:10.1001/archsurg.143.10.983. PMID 18936378. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
Bloodplasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of...
Blood-proteins, also termed plasma proteins, are proteins present in bloodplasma. They serve many different functions, including transport of lipids...
Bloodplasma fractionation are the general processes separating the various components of bloodplasma, which in turn is a component of blood obtained...
below) denote bloodplasma concentration, which is approximately 60–100% larger than the actual blood concentration if the amount inside red blood cells (RBCs)...
Greek πλάσμα, plasma, something molded, and ἀφαίρεσις aphairesis, taking away) is the removal, treatment, and return or exchange of bloodplasma or components...
A bloodplasma substitute may refer to: An artificially made substance designed to have one or more of the vast amount of functions of the contents of...
away from those same cells. Blood is composed of blood cells suspended in bloodplasma. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92%...
Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells or effector B cells, are white blood cells that originate in the lymphoid organs as B cells and secrete large...
glucose (also called "blood glucose") is maintained in the bloodplasma at all times. Glucose that is not circulating in the blood is stored in skeletal...
frozen plasma (FFP) is a blood product made from the liquid portion of whole blood. It is used to treat conditions in which there are low blood clotting...
Blood volume (volemia) is the volume of blood (blood cells and plasma) in the circulatory system of any individual. A typical adult has a blood volume...
known need for many transfusions. Bloodplasma compatibility is the inverse of red blood cell compatibility. Type AB plasma carries neither anti-A nor anti-B...
concentrated bloodplasma. A low serum osmolality will suppress the release of ADH, resulting in decreased water reabsorption and more concentrated plasma. Syndrome...
renal plasma flow (RPF), which is the volume of bloodplasma delivered to the kidneys per unit time. While the terms generally apply to arterial blood delivered...
transport hydrophobic lipid (also known as fat) molecules in water, as in bloodplasma or other extracellular fluids. They consist of a triglyceride and cholesterol...
the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets, and other clotting factors. Red blood cells (RBC) contain hemoglobin and supply...
Plasma protein binding refers to the degree to which medications attach to blood proteins within the bloodplasma. A drug's efficacy may be affected by...
animals, and in those animals with a blood circulatory system, a proportion of this fluid is bloodplasma. Plasma and interstitial fluid are the two components...
for up to 12 months. The separation of plasma from a donor's blood is called plasmapheresis. While the first blood transfusions were made directly from...
of matter Plasma (mineral), a green translucent silica mineral Quark–gluon plasma, a state of matter in quantum chromodynamics Bloodplasma, the yellow-colored...
transfusions, mixing the recipient's plasma with the donor's red blood cells to detect incompatibilities (crossmatching). Routine blood typing involves determining...
the gut and kidneys) of the body, and between body compartments: the bloodplasma, the extracellular and intracellular fluids, and bone. Bone acts as a...
the trapezoidal rule, the area estimation is highly dependent on the blood/plasma sampling schedule. That is, the closer time points are, the closer the...
dissolved in the bloodplasma. Myoglobin, a compound related to hemoglobin, acts to store oxygen in muscle cells. The color of red blood cells is due to...
Global Information