Neutral chemical compound with both a positively- and negatively-charged functional group
This article is about a class of compounds. For the specific chemical glycine betaine, see trimethylglycine.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is an example of a betaine
A betaine (/ˈbiːtə.iːn,bɪˈteɪ-,-ɪn/) in chemistry is any neutral chemical compound with a positively charged cationic functional group that bears no hydrogen atom, such as a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation (generally: onium ions), and with a negatively charged functional group, such as a carboxylate group that may not be adjacent to the cationic site.[1] Historically, the term was reserved for trimethylglycine (TMG), which is involved in methylation reactions and detoxification of homocysteine.[1] This is a modified amino acid consisting of glycine with three methyl groups serving as methyl donor for various metabolic pathways.[2]
^ ab"Betaine". PubChem, US National Library of Medicine. 21 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
^"Betaine". LiverTox, US National Library of Medicine. 26 September 2017. PMID 31644082. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
A betaine (/ˈbiːtə.iːn, bɪˈteɪ-, -ɪn/) in chemistry is any neutral chemical compound with a positively charged cationic functional group that bears no...
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a mixture of closely related organic compounds derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. CAPB is available...
occurs in plants. Trimethylglycine was the first betaine discovered; originally it was simply called betaine because, in the 19th century, it was discovered...
Mesomeric betaines are dipolar heterocyclic compounds in which both the negative and the positive charges are delocalized. Examples are mesoionic compounds...
ergothioneine starts with the methylation of histidine to produce histidine betaine (hercynine). The sulfur atom is then incorporated from cysteine. The biosynthetic...
Chloral betaine (USAN, BAN) (brand names Beta-Chlor, Somilan), also known as cloral betaine (INN), is a sedative-hypnotic drug. It was introduced by Mead...
will be established between the "parent" molecule and the zwitterion. Betaines are zwitterions that cannot isomerize to an all-neutral form, such as when...
The Betaine/Carnitine/Choline Transporter (BCCT) family proteins are found in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and archaea. The BCCT family members...
followed by NMR spectroscopy. The existence and interconversion of the betaine (3a and 3b) is subject of ongoing research. For lithium-free Wittig reactions...
glutathione levels.[citation needed] Betaine hydrochloride is a lipotropic and increases gastric acid. Betaine itself (in a non-hydrochloric form, also...
transformation of betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine. Betaine aldehyde is a substrate for choline dehydrogenase (mitochondrial). Glycine betaine aldehyde is...
liver mitochondria to glycine betaine aldehyde by choline oxidases. This is oxidized by mitochondrial or cytosolic betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenases to trimethylglycine...
large quantities (12g/day) betaine has been known to cause fish odor symptoms, meaning that there is some conversion of betaine to TMA if supplements are...
If this is unsuccessful, then preforming the betaine may give better results. To preform the betaine, add DEAD to triphenylphosphine in tetrahydrofuran...
quaternary center via ester linkages; these are commonly referred to as betaine-esters or ester-quats and are susceptible to degradation, e.g., by hydrolysis...
Common are ethanolamines (cocamide MEA, cocamide DEA), betaine compounds (cocamidopropyl betaine), and hydroxysultaines (cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine)...
Betaine reductase (EC 1.21.4.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl phosphate + trimethylamine + thioredoxin disulfide ⇌ {\displaystyle...
diamine used in the preparation of some surfactants, such as cocamidopropyl betaine which is an ingredient in many personal care products including soaps,...
combination of betaine and glycocyamine improves the symptoms of patients with chronic illness, including heart disease, without toxicity. Betaine can provide...
Homarine (N-methyl picolinic acid betaine) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C7H7NO2. It is commonly found in aquatic organisms from phytoplankton...
foam booster, viscosity builder, and an antistatic agent. Cocamidopropyl betaine Guin JD (2000). "Reaction to cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, an amphoteric...
salts, including calcium, potassium, oxalate and chloride. It contains betaine and the trisaccharide raffinose. These result from the concentration of...
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