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Battle of Mainz
Part of the War of the First Coalition
Reconnaissance during the French siege of Mainz, 1795
Date
29 October 1795
Location
Mainz, present-day Germany
Result
Austrian victory
Belligerents
First French Republic
Habsburg monarchy
Commanders and leaders
François Schaal
Count of Clerfayt
Strength
33,000
27,000
Casualties and losses
3,000 killed or wounded 1,800 captured 138 cannons lost
1,400 killed or wounded 200 captured
v
t
e
Rhine campaign of 1795
Luxembourg
Handschuhsheim
Höchst
1st Mannheim
Mainz
Pfeddersheim
2nd Mannheim
v
t
e
War of the First Coalition (List)
Porrentruy
Quiévrain
Marquain
Tuileries
Verdun
Thionville
Valmy
Lille
Mainz
Jemappes
Sardinia
Martinique
Guadeloupe
Den Helder
Siegburg
Altenkirchen
Wetzlar
Kircheib
1st Kehl
Malsch
Neresheim
Amberg
Newfoundland
Würzburg
Limburg
2nd Kehl
Biberach
Ireland
Fishguard
Neuwied
Diersheim
Flanders campaign
Chouannerie
Mediterranean campaign
War in the Vendée
War of the Pyrenees
Italian campaigns
East Indies Theatre
Rhine campaign of 1793–94
Atlantic campaign
Rhine campaign of 1795
Rhine campaign of 1796
Anglo-Spanish War
The Battle of Mainz (29 October 1795) saw a Habsburg Austrian army led by Field Marshall François Sebastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt launch a surprise assault against four divisions belonging to the French Army of Rhin-et-Moselle directed by General of Division François Ignace Schaal. The right-most French division was completely routed and all the French troops were compelled to retreat with the loss of their siege artillery and many casualties. Clerfayt followed up his Rhine campaign of 1795 victory by driving most of General of Division Jean-Charles Pichegru's Army of Rhin-et-Moselle south. The War of the First Coalition action was fought near the city of Mainz in the modern-day state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.
French troops had ineffectively besieged the western side of Mainz Fortress since December 1794. However, in early September 1795 the General of Division Jean-Baptiste Jourdan's Army of Sambre-et-Meuse crossed the lower Rhine River and advanced south to the Main River. For the first time Mainz was besieged on the east side of the river, but this state of affairs did not last long. After the Battle of Höchst, Clerfayt forced Jourdan's army to retire to the west bank of the Rhine. With Jourdan temporarily out of the picture, Clerfayt fell on Schaal's somewhat isolated corps and drove it away to the south. During this time the commander of the Army of Rhin-et-Moselle, Pichegru was in treasonous contact with France's enemies, perhaps accounting for Austria's success. The next clash was the Battle of Pfeddersheim on 10 November.
The siege was the second time balloon reconnaissance had been used, after the Battle of Fleurus (1794).
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Global Information
First French Republic
Habsburg monarchy