For other people with similar names, see Bahadur Shah (disambiguation) and Shah Alam (disambiguation).
Shah Alam I Bahadur Shah I
Padishah Al-Sultan Al-Azam
Bahadur Shah I c. 1670
8th Mughal Emperor
Reign
19 June 1707 – 27 February 1712
Coronation
15 June 1707
Predecessor
Azam Shāh (titular) Ālamgīr I
Successor
Jahāndār Shāh
Born
Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam (1643-10-14)14 October 1643 Burhanpur, Mughal Empire
Died
27 February 1712(1712-02-27) (aged 68) Lahore, Mughal Empire
Burial
15 May 1712
Moti Masjid, Mehrauli, Delhi, India
Consort
Nur-un-Nissa Begum
(m. 1659; died 1701)
Wives
Nizam Bai
(m. 1660; d. 1692)
[1]
Amrit Kanwar
(m. 1671)
[1]
Mihr Parwar[1]
Umat-ul-Habib[1]
Chattar Bai[1]
Issue
Jahāndār Shāh
Azz-ud-Dīn Mīrzā
Azīm-us-Shān
Rafī-ush-Shān
Daulat Afzā Mīrzā
Jahān Shāh
Humāyūn Mīrzā
Dahr Afrūz Bānū Begum
Rafī-ul-Qadar
Names
Abul-Nasir Sayid Qutub-ud-din Mirza Muhammad Muazzam Shah Alam Bahadur Shah Badshah
Regnal name
Shah Alam I Bahadur Shah I
Posthumous name
"Khuld Manzil" (lit.'Departed to Paradise')
House
House of Babur
Dynasty
Timurid dynasty
Father
Alamgir I
Mother
Nawab Bai
Religion
Islam[a]
Mughal emperors
Babur
1526–1530
Humayun (first reign)
1530–1540
Humayun (second reign)
1555–1556
Akbar I
1556–1605
Jahangir I
1605–1627
Shahriyar (de facto)
1627–1628
Shah Jahan I
1628–1658
Aurangzeb (Alamgir I)
1658–1707
Azam Shah
1707
Bahadur Shah I (Shah Alam I)
1707–1712
Jahandar Shah
1712–1713
Farrukh-Siyar
1713–1719
Rafi-ud-Darajat
1719
Rafi-ud-Daulah (Shah Jahan II)
1719
Muhammad Shah
1719–1748
Ahmad Shah
1748–1754
Alamgir II
1754–1759
Shah Jahan III
1759–1760
Shah Alam II (first reign)
1760–1788
Mahmud Shah (Shah Jahan IV)
1788
Shah Alam II (second reign)
1788–1806
Akbar II
1806–1837
Bahadur Shah II
1837–1857
v
t
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Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam (14 October 1643 – 27 February 1712), commonly known as Bahadur Shah I and Shah Alam I, was the eighth Mughal Emperor from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, who he conspired to overthrow in his youth. He was also governor of the imperial provinces of Agra, Kabul and Lahore and had to face revolts of Rajputs and Sikhs.
After Aurangzeb's death, Muhammad Azam Shah, his third son by his chief consort declared himself successor, but was shortly defeated in one of the largest battles of India, the Battle of Jajau and overthrown by Bahadur Shah. During the reign of Bahadur Shah, the Rajput kingdoms of Jodhpur and Amber were annexed again after they had declared independence a few years prior.
Bahadur Shah also sparked an Islamic controversy in the khutba by inserting the declaration of Ali as wali. His reign was disturbed by several rebellions, the Sikhs under the leadership of Banda Singh Bahadur, Rajputs under Durgadas Rathore and a Mughal prince Kam Bakhsh but all of them except for the rebellion by Hindu Rajputs were successfully quelled.
^ abcdeIrvine, William (1991) [First published 1921]. Later Mughals. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 141. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
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