Mughal Emperor King of Delhi Padishah Shahanshah-e-Hind
Portrait of Bahadur Shah II, c. 1850
20th Mughal Emperor
Reign
28 September 1837 – 21 September 1857
Coronation
29 September 1837
Predecessor
Akbar II
Successor
Empire abolished (Victoria as Empress of India)
Born
24 October 1775 Shahjahanabad, Mughal Empire (present day Old Delhi, India)
Died
7 November 1862(1862-11-07) (aged 87) Rangoon, Burma Province, British India
Burial
7 November 1862
Rangoon, Burma
Spouse
Taj Mahal[1]
Zinat Mahal[1]
Sharaful-Mahal[1]
Akhtar Mahal[1]
Rahim Bakhsh Bai[1]
Hanwa[1]
Issue
Mirza Dara Bakht, Mirza Mughal, Mirza Fath-ul-Mulk Bahadur, Mirza Khizr Sultan, Mirza Jawan Bakht, Mirza Shah Abbas, Mirza Abu Bakr Mirza Ulugh Tahir
Names
Mirza Abu Zafar Siraj-ud-din Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar II[2]
Era dates
18th & 19th centuries
Regnal name
Bahadur Shah II
House
House of Babur
Dynasty
Timurid dynasty
Father
Akbar Shah II
Mother
Lal Bai[3]
Religion
Sunni Islam (Hanafi)
Imperial Seal
Military career
Battles/wars
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Bahadur Shah II (born Mirza Abu Zafar Siraj-ud-din Muhammad (24 October 1775 – 7 November 1862), usually referred to by his poetic title Bahadur Shah Zafar (Persian pronunciation:[ba.hɑː.ˈduɾʃɑːhza.ˈfaɾ]; Zafar lit.'Victory'), was the twentieth and last Mughal emperor and an Urdu poet. He was the second son and the successor to his father, Akbar II, who died in 1837.[4] He was a titular Emperor, as the Mughal Empire existed in name only and his authority was limited only to the walled city of Old Delhi (Shahjahanbad). Following his involvement in the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British deposed him and exiled him to Rangoon in British-controlled Burma in 1858, after convicting him on several charges. The title of Empress of India was subsequently assumed by Queen Victoria.
Bahadur Shah Zafar's father, Akbar II, had been imprisoned by the British and he was not his father's preferred choice as his successor. One of Akbar Shah's queens pressured him to declare her son, Mirza Jahangir, as his successor.[citation needed] However, the East India Company exiled Jahangir after he attacked their resident in the Red Fort,[4] paving the way for Bahadur Shah to assume the throne.
^ abcdefWilliam Dalrynple (2007). Last Mughal (P/B). Penguin Books India. pp. xv, xvi, 110, 215, 216. ISBN 978-0-14-310243-4.
^Frances W. Pritchett, Nets of Awareness: Urdu Poetry and Its Critics (1994), p. 5
^Syed Mahdi Husain (2006). Bahadur Shah Zafar and the War of 1857 in Delhi. Aakar Books. p. 36. ISBN 9788187879916.
^ abHusain, S. Mahdi (2006). Bahadur Shah Zafar; And the War of 1857 in Delhi. Aakar Books.
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