Armenian state ruled by the Bagratuni dynasty (885–1045)
Bagratid Armenia
880s–1045
Bagratuni Armenia and other medieval Armenian kingdoms c. 1000
Status
Independent kingdom
Capital
Bagaran (885–890) Shirakavan (890–929) Kars (929–961)[1] Ani (961–1045)
Common languages
Armenian
Religion
Christianity (Armenian Apostolic)
Government
Monarchy
Bagratuni dynasty
• 885–890
Ashot I
• 890–914
Smbat I
• 914–928
Ashot II
• 928–953
Abas I
• 953–977
Ashot III
• 977–989
Smbat II
• 989–1020
Gagik I
• 1020–1040 (1021–1039)
Hovhannes-Smbat III Ashot IV (concurrently)
• 1042–1045
Gagik II
Historical era
Middle Ages
• Established
880s
• Disestablished
1045
Currency
Byzantine Hyperpyron Abbasid Dinar
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Arminiya
Byzantine Empire
Kingdom of Syunik
Kingdom of Artsakh
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
Part of a series on the
History of Armenia
Prehistory
Shulaveri–Shomu culture
Kura–Araxes culture
Legend of Hayk
Trialeti–Vanadzor culture
Armani
Lchashen–Metsamor culture
Hayasa-Azzi
Arme–Shupria
Mushki
Urumu
Nairi Confederation
Urartu (Kingdom of Van)
Etiuni
Antiquity
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Kingdom of Sophene
Commagene
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Muslim conquest of Armenia
Middle Ages
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Principality of Hamamshen
Kingdom of Armenia
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Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
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Principality of Khachen
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Early modern age
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Timeline • Origins • Etymology
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Bagratid Armenia (Armenian: Բագրատունիների թագավորություն) was an independent Armenian state established by Ashot I Bagratuni of the Bagratuni dynasty in the early 880s[2] following nearly two centuries of foreign domination of Greater Armenia under Arab Umayyad and Abbasid rule. With each of the two contemporary powers in the region—the Abbasids and Byzantines—too preoccupied to concentrate their forces on subjugating the region, and with the dissipation of several of the Armenian nakharar noble families, Ashot succeeded in asserting himself as the leading figure of a movement to dislodge the Arabs from Armenia.[3]
Ashot's prestige rose as both Byzantine and Arab leaders—eager to maintain a buffer state near their frontiers—courted him. The Abbasid Caliphate recognized Ashot as "prince of princes" in 862 and, later on, as king (in 884 or 885). The establishment of the Bagratuni kingdom later led to the founding of several other Armenian principalities and kingdoms: Taron, Vaspurakan, Kars, Khachen and Syunik.[4] During the reign of Ashot III (952/53–77), Ani became the kingdom's capital and grew into a thriving economic and cultural center.[5]
The first half of the 11th century saw the decline and eventual collapse of the kingdom. The Byzantine emperor Basil II (r. 976–1025) won a string of victories and annexed parts of southwestern Armenia; King Hovhannes-Smbat felt forced to cede his lands and in 1022 pledged that his kingdom would pass to the Byzantines following his death. However, after Hovhannes-Smbat's death in 1041, his successor, Gagik II, refused to hand over Ani and continued resistance until 1045, when his kingdom, plagued by internal and external threats, was finally taken by Byzantine forces.[6]
^Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture, Volume 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 371. ISBN 9780195309911.
^Grigoryan, M. G. (2012). Բագրատունյաց թագավորության սկզբնավորման թվագրության շուրջ [On dating the formation of Bagratid Armenia]. Lraber Hasarakakan Gitutyunneri (in Armenian) (2–3): 114–125. Archived from the original on March 19, 2024. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
^Bournoutian, George A. (2006). A Concise History of the Armenian People: From Ancient Times to the Present. Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-56859-141-4.
^Ter-Ghevondyan, Aram N. (1976). Բագրատունիների թագավորություն [Bagratuni Kingdom]. Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. Yerevan: Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences. p. 202.
^Ghafadaryan, Karo (1974). Անի [Ani]. Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia (in Armenian). Vol. 1. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences. pp. 407–412.
BagratidArmenia (Armenian: Բագրատունիների թագավորություն) was an independent Armenian state established by Ashot I Bagratuni of the Bagratuni dynasty...
Kingdom of Armenia may refer to: Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), also known as Artaxiad or Arsacid Armenia, 380 BC to AD 387/428 BagratidArmenia, also known...
The Bagratuni or Bagratid dynasty (Armenian: Բագրատունի, Armenian pronunciation: [bagɾatuni]) was an Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the medieval Kingdom...
Muslim conquest of Armenia in the 7th century. Key events during this period includes the rebirth of an Armenian Kingdom under the Bagratid dynasty, followed...
Abas (Armenian: Աբաս, died 953) was king of BagratidArmenia from 928 to 953. He was a member of the Bagratid (Bagratuni) royal dynasty. He was the son...
The Bagratid dynasties or the Bagratids (Bagrat + Classic Greek: - id, the children) may refer to: Bagratid dynasty of Armenia, or Bagratuni Bagratid dynasty...
migration to Cilicia. The Armenians could not re-establish an independent state in their native highland after the fall of BagratidArmenia, as it remained under...
Gagik I (Armenian: Գագիկ Ա) was the king of Armenia who reigned between 989 and 1020, under whom BagratidArmenia reached its height and enjoyed a period...
AD. After two centuries of Islamic rule over Armenia, the Bagratid prince Ashot I of Armenia led the revolution against the Abbasid Caliphate. Ashot I...
border with Armenia. Between 961 and 1045, it was the capital of the BagratidArmenian kingdom that covered much of present-day Armenia and eastern Turkey...
Ashot II the Iron (Armenian: Աշոտ Բ; r. 914–929) was king of the Bagratid kingdom of Armenia from 914 to 929. He was the son and successor of King Smbat...
establishment of the BagratidArmenian Kingdom, parts of historic Armenia and Armenian-inhabited areas were still under Byzantine rule. The Armenians had no representation...
ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Under the Bagratuni dynasty, the Bagratid Kingdom...
with the Bagratid kingdom of Armenia in the 9th century. After the fall of the kingdom in 1045, and the subsequent Seljuk conquest of Armenia in 1064,...
Sardari Berd Pana-Khan Palace Presidential Palace of Armenia-Official residence of the president of Armenia Government House, Canberra – official residence...
Ashot III (Armenian: Աշոտ Գ) was a king of Armenia, ruling the medieval kingdom of BagratidArmenia from 952/53–77. Known as Ashot III the Merciful (Աշոտ...
such as Urartian. An effort to modernize the language in BagratidArmenia and the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (11–14th centuries) resulted in the addition...
intermarried with Armenians, Notably the Shaddadids of Ani who intermarried with Bagratid women. There was an Emir of Van named Ezdin who had Armenian sympathies...
OL 5788153M Ter-Ghewondyan, Aram (1976) [1965]. The Arab Emirates in BagratidArmenia. Translated by Nina G. Garsoïan. Lisbon: Livraria Bertrand. OCLC 490638192...
the medieval Kingdom of Armenia, also known as BagratidArmenia, named after the contemporary rule of the Bagratunis. The Bagratid kingdom lasted until 1045...
Dynasty. A considerable portion of the Armenian nobility and peasantry fled the Byzantine occupation of BagratidArmenia in 1045, and the subsequent invasion...
than all other Armenian kingdoms in Greater Armenia (Kingdom of Vaspurakan, Kingdom of Vanand, Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget, BagratidArmenia). Wikimedia Commons...
Bagratid Kingdom may refer to: BagratidArmenia, AD 885 to 1045 Bagratid Iberia, AD 888 to 1008 Kingdom of Georgia, AD 1008 to 1463 This disambiguation...
the Middle Ages BagratidArmenia, Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget, Kingdom of Syunik and Principality of Khachen organized local Armenian population facing...
the Bagratids and, albeit located outside the Armenian Highlands, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. From the early 16th century, Eastern Armenia came...
Payot, pp. 500ff. Ter-Ghewondyan, Aram N. (1976). The Arab Emirates in BagratidArmenia. Trans. Nina G. Garsoïan. Lisbon: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, pp...