Global InformationArmenia information
Republic of Armenia Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն (Armenian) Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: Մեկ ազգ, մեկ մշակույթ Mek Azg, Mek Mshakouyt (English: "One nation, one culture") | |
| Anthem: Մեր Հայրենիք Mer Hayrenik "Our Fatherland" | |
 Location of Armenia | |
| Capital and largest city | Yerevan 40°11′N 44°31′E / 40.183°N 44.517°E |
| Official languages | Armenian[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2022[2]) |
|
| Religion (2022)[3][4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Armenian |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
• President | Vahagn Khachaturyan |
• Prime Minister | Nikol Pashinyan |
• President of the National Assembly | Alen Simonyan |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Establishment | |
• Hayasa-Azzi | 16th century BC - 13th century BC |
• Urartu[5] | 860 BC – 590 BC |
• Orontid dynasty | 6th century BC |
• Kingdom of Armenia[6] | 321 BC–428 AD |
• Artaxiad dynasty[7][8] | 190 BC |
• Arsacid dynasty | 52–428 |
• Bagratid Armenia | 885–1045 |
• Kingdom of Vaspurakan | 908–1021 |
• Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget | 979–1118 |
• Kingdom of Syunik | 987–1170 |
• Kingdom of Artsakh | 1000–1261 |
• Kingdom of Cilicia | 1198–1375 |
• Principality of Khachen | 1261–1603 |
• Melikdoms of Karabakh | 1603–1822 |
• Republic of Armenia | 28 May 1918 |
• Soviet conquest; Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic | 29 November 1920 |
• Independence restored | 23 September 1991 |
• CIS accession | 21 December 1991 |
• Admitted to the United Nations | 2 March 1992 |
• Current constitution | 5 July 1995 |
| Area | |
• Total | 29,743 km2 (11,484 sq mi) (138th) |
• Water (%) | 4.71[9] |
| Population | |
• 2024 estimate |  3,165,000[10] (138th) |
• Density | 101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $64.432 billion[11] (114th) |
• Per capita | $21,746[11] (77th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $25.408 billion[11] (115th) |
• Per capita | $8,575[11] (84th) |
| Gini (2022) |  27.9[12]low |
| HDI (2022) | 0.786[13] high (76th) |
| Currency | Dram (֏) (AMD) |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AMT) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +374 |
| ISO 3166 code | AM |
| Internet TLD |
|
Website www | |
Armenia (/ɑːrˈmiːniə/ ⓘ ar-MEE-nee-ə),[14][a] officially the Republic of Armenia,[b] is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia.[15][16] It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.[17] Yerevan is the capital, largest city and financial center.
Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. The first Armenian state of Urartu was established in 860 BC, and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. The Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great in the 1st century BC and in the year 301 became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion.[18][19][20][c] Armenia still recognises the Armenian Apostolic Church, the world's oldest national church, as the country's primary religious establishment.[21][d] The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Under the Bagratuni dynasty, the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia was restored in the 9th century before falling in 1045. Cilician Armenia, an Armenian principality and later a kingdom, was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries.
Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Persian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of the two over the centuries. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire, while most of the western parts of the traditional Armenian homeland remained under Ottoman rule. During World War I, up to 1.5 million Armenians living in their ancestral lands in the Ottoman Empire were systematically exterminated in the Armenian genocide. In 1918, following the Russian Revolution, all non-Russian countries declared their independence after the Russian Empire ceased to exist, leading to the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia. By 1920, the state was incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Armenian SSR. The modern Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Armenia is a developing country and ranks 85th on the Human Development Index (2021).[13] Its economy is primarily based on industrial output and mineral extraction. While Armenia is geographically located in the South Caucasus, it is generally considered geopolitically European. Since Armenia aligns itself in many respects geopolitically with Europe, the country is a member of numerous European organizations including the Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe, the Council of Europe, the Eastern Partnership, Eurocontrol, the Assembly of European Regions, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Armenia is also a member of certain regional groups throughout Eurasia, including the Asian Development Bank, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Eurasian Economic Union, and the Eurasian Development Bank. Armenia supported the once de facto independent Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh), which was proclaimed in 1991 on territory internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan, until the republic's dissolution in September 2023.
- ^ "Constitution of Armenia, Article 20". president.am. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
- ^ "The Main Results of RA Census 2022 / Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia".
- ^ "The Main Results of RA Census 2022 / Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia". 2022 Armenian census.
- ^ "CIA World Factbook". 5 March 2024.
- ^ Diakonoff, Igor M (1992). "First Evidence of the Proto-Armenian Language in Eastern Anatolia". Annual of Armenian Linguistics. 13: 51–54. ISSN 0271-9800.
- ^ "Armenia – History". Encyclopædia Britannia (Online ed.). Retrieved 14 March 2022.
- ^ de Laet, Sigfried J.; Herrmann, Joachim, eds. (1996). History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. (1st ed.). London: Routledge. p. 128. ISBN 978-92-3-102812-0.
The ruler of the part known as Greater Armenia, Artaxias (Artashes), the founder of a new dynasty, managed to unite the country...
- ^ Encyclopedia Americana: Ankara to Azusa. Scholastic Library Publishing. 2005. p. 393. ISBN 9780717201389.
It was named for Artaxias, a general of Antiochus the Great, who founded the kingdom of Armenia about 190 B.C.
- ^ "The World Fact Book – Armenia". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ "Armenia". The World Factbook (2024 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 24 September 2022. (Archived 2022 edition.)
- ^ a b c d "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024". Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund. April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ "Gini index - Armenia". World Bank. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Human Development Report 2023/2024". United Nations Development Programme. 19 March 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
- ^ "Armenia Archived 10 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine." Dictionary.com Unabridged. 2015.
- ^ The UN classification of world regions Archived 25 June 2002 at the Wayback Machine places Armenia in West Asia; the CIA World Factbook "Armenia". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved 2 September 2010. "Armenia". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2009., "Armenia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 1 April 2009. Retrieved 16 April 2009., Calendario Atlante De Agostini (in Italian) (111 ed.). Novara: Istituto Geografico De Agostini. 2015. p. sub voce. ISBN 9788851124908. and Oxford Reference Online "Oxford Reference". World Encyclopedia. Oxford Reference Online. 2004. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001. ISBN 9780199546091. also place Armenia in Asia.
- ^ "General information about Republic of Armenia". Armenia: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Armenia). Retrieved 2 October 2023.
The country is situated in western part of Asia, occupies the north-eastern part of Armenian plateau – between Caucasus and Nearest Asia
- ^ The Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History. Oxford University Press. 2003. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-19-510507-0.
- ^ (Garsoïan, Nina (1997). R.G. Hovannisian (ed.). Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times. Vol. 1. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 81.)
- ^ Stringer, Martin D. (2005). A Sociological History of Christian Worship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-521-81955-8.
- ^ Grousset, René (1947). Histoire de l'Arménie (1984 ed.). Payot. p. 122.. Estimated dates vary from 284 to 314. Garsoïan (op.cit. p. 82), following the research of Ananian, favours the latter.
- ^ "Constitution of Armenia - Library - The President of Armenia". president.am. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).