Baeocystin is a zwitterionic alkaloid and analog of psilocybin. It is found as a minor compound in most psilocybin mushrooms together with psilocybin, norbaeocystin, aeruginascin, and psilocin.[1] Baeocystin is an N-demethylated derivative of psilocybin, and a phosphorylated derivative of 4-HO-NMT (4-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine). The structures at right illustrate baeocystin in its zwitterionic form.
Baeocystin was first isolated from the mushroom Psilocybe baeocystis,[2] and later from P. semilanceata,[3]Panaeolus renenosus, Panaeolus subbalteatus, and Copelandia chlorocystis.[4] It was first synthesized by Troxler et al. in 1959.[5]
Little information exists with regard to human pharmacology, but in the book Magic Mushrooms Around the World, author Jochen Gartz reports being aware of a study in which "10 mg of baeocystin were found to be about as psychoactive as a similar amount of psilocybin."[6] Gartz also reported in a research paper that a self-administered assay of 4 mg of baeocystin caused "a gentle hallucinogenic experience".[7]
While Gartz describes experiencing a "gentle hallucinogenic experience" from baeocystin, this could not be replicated in a mouse model in a 2019 study which found no evidence that baeocystin produces any hallucinogenic effects.[8] Researchers compared psilocybin which is a known hallucinogen to baeocystin by using the mouse head-twitch response. Upon comparison, baeocystin was indistinguishable from saline solution, indicating "...baeocystin alone would likely not induce hallucinogenic effects in vivo". This does contrast however with the human experiences mentioned above, although high quality data is scarce.
^Gotvaldová K, Borovička J, Hájková K, Cihlářová P, Rockefeller A, Kuchař M (November 2022). "Extensive Collection of Psychotropic Mushrooms with Determination of Their Tryptamine Alkaloids". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23 (22): 14068. doi:10.3390/ijms232214068. PMC 9693126. PMID 36430546.
^Cite error: The named reference Leung 1968 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Repke 1977 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Brossi 1988 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Troxer 1959 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Gartz1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Gartz 1991 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Sherwood 2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Baeocystin is a zwitterionic alkaloid and analog of psilocybin. It is found as a minor compound in most psilocybin mushrooms together with psilocybin,...
psilocybin, aeruginascin, and baeocystin, from which it is a derivative. Norbaeocystin is an N-demethylated derivative of baeocystin (itself an N-demethylated...
Hymenogastraceae. It contains the hallucinogenic compounds psilocybin, psilocin and baeocystin. The species is commonly known by various names such as bottle caps, knobby...
mushrooms which contain the hallucinogenic substances psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin, and norbaeocystin. The mushrooms are collected and grown as an entheogen...
mushrooms, containing up to 1.8% psilocybin, 0.5% psilocin, and 0.4% baeocystin by dry weight, averaging to about 1.1% psilocybin and 0.15% psilocin....
Psilocybe cubensis. It is hypothesized to be a dephosphorylated metabolite of baeocystin. Norpsilocin was found to be a near full agonist of the 5-HT2A receptor...
Pholiotina cyanopus is hallucinogenic, containing psilocin, psilocybin, baeocystin, norbaeocystin and aeruginascin. Paul Stamets stated in 1996 that fruit...
presence of serotonin and urea in this species as well as the presence of baeocystin which may also be psychoactive. Fungi portal List of Panaeolus species...
fungus which produces the psychoactive compounds psilocybin, psilocin and baeocystin. It is both one of the most widely distributed psilocybin mushrooms in...
compounds psilocybin and psilocin, and also related tryptamine alkaloids baeocystin, norbaeocystin, and aeruginascin. It is closely related to Psilocybe aztecorum...
Norway. The mushrooms contain the psychedelic compounds psilocybin and baeocystin, although at relatively low concentrations. Several mushroom species that...
psilocin to produce psychoactive effects. Besides psilocin, norpsilocin, baeocystin, norbaeocystin, and aeruginascin may also be present, which can modify...
lead to ingestion of a lethal fungus. Some psychoactive species contain baeocystin, norbaeocystin and β‐carboline monoamine oxidase inhibitors in addition...
contain many different indole alkaloids including psilocybin, psilocin, and baeocystin. It has also been shown that P. cyanescens mycelium will contain detectable...
derived from Psilocybe cubensis mycelium in substrate with added DPT. Baeocystin (4-PO-NMT) found in Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms from mycelium in substrate...
that this species contains 0.34% psilocybin, 0.29% psilocin and 0.05% baeocystin. [citation needed] The cap ranges from 1.5 to 6 cm across, is convex to...
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