Phencyclidine or phenylcyclohexyl piperidine (PCP), also known in its use as a street drug as angel dust among other names, is a dissociative anesthetic mainly used recreationally for its significant mind-altering effects.[1][7] PCP may cause hallucinations, distorted perceptions of sounds, and violent behavior.[7][10][11] As a recreational drug, it is typically smoked, but may be taken by mouth, snorted, or injected.[7][8][10] It may also be mixed with cannabis or tobacco.[1][7]
Adverse effects may include seizures, coma, addiction, and an increased risk of suicide.[10] Flashbacks may occur despite stopping usage.[11] Chemically, PCP is a member of the arylcyclohexylamine class, and pharmacologically, it is a dissociative anesthetic.[7][12][13] PCP works primarily as an NMDA receptor antagonist.[12]
PCP is most commonly used in the United States.[14] While usage peaked in the US in the 1970s,[15] between 2005 and 2011 an increase in visits to emergency departments as a result of the drug occurred.[10] As of 2017 in the United States, about 1% of people in 12th grade reported using PCP in the prior year while 2.9% of those over the age of 25 reported using it at some point in their lives.[16]
^ abc"PCP Fast Facts". National Drug Intelligence Center. 2003. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
^Fetting M (2015). Perspectives on Substance Use, Disorders, and Addiction: With Clinical Cases. SAGE Publications. p. 145. ISBN 9781483377773.
^Fetting M (2015). Perspectives on Substance Use, Disorders, and Addiction: With Clinical Cases. SAGE Publications. p. 145. ISBN 9781483377773.
^Cite error: The named reference NHM-PCP and ketamine was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Stobo JD, Traill TA, Hellmann DB, Ladenson PW, Petty BG (1996). The Principles and Practice of Medicine. McGraw Hill Professional. p. 933. ISBN 9780071383653. high abuse liability
^Fetting M (2015). Perspectives on Substance Use, Disorders, and Addiction: With Clinical Cases. SAGE Publications. p. 145. ISBN 9781483377773.
^ abcdefgGiannini AJ (1998). "Chapter 35: Phencyclidine". In Tarter RE, Ammerman R, Ott PJ (eds.). Handbook of Substance Abuse: Neurobehavioral Pharmacology. New York: Plenum Publishing Corporation. pp. 579–587. ISBN 978-1-4757-2913-9.
^ ab"NIDA InfoFacts: Hallucinogens – LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP". National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
^ abRiviello RJ (2010). Manual of forensic emergency medicine : a guide for clinicians. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780763744625.
^ abcdBush DM (2013). "Emergency Department Visits Involving Phencyclidine (PCP)". The CBHSQ Report. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US). PMID 27656747. PCP can lead to hostile behavior that may result in episodes of extreme violence
^ ab"Hallucinogens". National Institute on Drug Abuse. January 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
^ abMarion NE, Oliver WM (2014). Drugs in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law [3 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 732. ISBN 9781610695961.
^Zedeck BE, Zedeck MS (2007). Forensic Pharmacology. Infobase Publishing. p. 97. ISBN 9781438103822.
^"GINAD". www.ginad.org. Archived from the original on 2018-09-10. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
^"PCP". CESAR. Archived from the original on 12 March 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
^"Hallucinogens". NIAD. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
Phencyclidine or phenylcyclohexyl piperidine (PCP), also known in its use as a street drug as angel dust among other names, is a dissociative anesthetic...
chemical class of pharmaceutical, designer, and experimental drugs. Phencyclidine (PCP) is believed to be the first arylcyclohexylamine with recognized...
including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] Harmful pattern of use of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] Dissociative drugs...
for abuse, unlike psychedelics. Despite some dissociatives, such as phencyclidine (PCP) possessing stimulating properties, most dissociatives seem to...
of the NMDA receptor is blocked by many psychoactive drugs such as phencyclidine (PCP), alcohol (ethanol) and dextromethorphan (DXM). The anaesthetic...
plants soaked with them): methamphetamine crack cocaine black tar heroin phencyclidine (PCP) synthetic cannabinoids (see also: synthetic cannabis) dimethyltryptamine...
NMDA receptor antagonists, such as ketamine, dextromethorphan (DXM), phencyclidine (PCP), methoxetamine (MXE), and nitrous oxide (N2O), are sometimes used...
other dissociative anesthetics such as ketamine, nitrous oxide, and phencyclidine. It was patented in 1949 and approved for medical use in 1953. The primary...
Pakistan Phencyclidine, a hallucinogenic and dissociative recreational drug, also known as angel dust 3-HO-PCP, a designer drug related to phencyclidine 3-MeO-PCP...
team at Parke-Davis in the late 1950s. It is similar in effects to phencyclidine (PCP) but is considerably more potent. TCP has slightly different binding...
Substance use disorder (SUD) is the persistent use of drugs despite the substantial harm and adverse consequences to one's own self and others, as a result...
1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine (PCHP) is a metabolite of phencyclidine (PCP). PCHP can be detected in the hair, urine, stool, sweat, and saliva...
depression and pain management. It is a novel compound that was derived from phencyclidine in 1962 in pursuit of a safer anesthetic with fewer hallucinogenic effects...
recreational drug of the arylcyclohexylamine class which is related to phencyclidine (PCP). It was first described in a patent application naming Marc Caron...
or 5-[N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)amino]pentanoic acid, is a metabolite of phencyclidine (PCP). It can be detected in the urine of PCP users by mass spectrometry...
is a binding site that was identified as a high-affinity target for phencyclidine (PCP), an anesthetic and dissociative hallucinogen that acts primarily...
allosteric sites and inhibit reuptake indirectly and noncompetitively. Phencyclidine and related drugs such as benocyclidine, tenocyclidine, ketamine, and...
cardiovascular center. Phencyclidine may be a useful anaesthetic because it does not impact the cardiovascular center. This also contrasts phencyclidine from many...
HON=CH(CH2)4CO2C2H5 + HCl Cyclohexanone has been used in the illicit production of phencyclidine and its analogs and is often subject to purchase restrictions, such...
(NMDA receptor antagonism) and include ketamine, methoxetamine (MXE), phencyclidine (PCP), dextromethorphan (DXM), and nitrous oxide. However, dissociation...
local people who offered him marijuana which he believed was actually Phencyclidine, more commonly known as PCP. After getting him severely intoxicated...
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