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Chemical compound
Aristolochic acids (English: /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkɪk/) are a family of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic phytochemicals commonly found in the flowering plant family Aristolochiaceae (birthworts). Aristolochic acid (AA) I is the most abundant one.[1] The family Aristolochiaceae includes the genera Aristolochia and Asarum (wild ginger), which are commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine.[2][3] Although these compounds are widely associated with kidney problems, liver and urothelial cancers, the use of AA-containing plants for medicinal purposes has a long history. The FDA has issued warnings regarding consumption of AA-containing supplements.
^Wu, Tian-Shung; et al. (2005). "Chemical constituents and pharmacology of Aristolochia species". In Rahman, Atta-ur (ed.). Studies in Natural Products Chemistry: Bioactive Natural Products (Part L). Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 863. ISBN 978-0-444-52171-2.
^Heinrich M, Chan J, Wanke S, Neinhuis C, Simmonds MS (August 2009). "Local uses of Aristolochia species and content of nephrotoxic aristolochic acid 1 and 2--a global assessment based on bibliographic sources". J Ethnopharmacol. 125 (1): 108–44. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.028. PMID 19505558.
^Nolin, Thomas D. & Himmelfarb, Jonathan (2010). "Mechanisms of drug-induced nephrotoxicity". In Uetrecht, Jack (ed.). Adverse Drug Reactions. Springer. p. 123. ISBN 978-3-642-00662-3.
Aristolochicacids (English: /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkɪk/) are a family of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic phytochemicals commonly found in the flowering...
Romania, and Bulgaria. It is caused by small long-term doses of aristolochicacid in the diet. The disease primarily affects people 30 to 60 years of...
ancient medicine, Aristolochia is known to contain the lethal toxin aristolochicacid. The Bencao Gangmu, compiled by Li Shi-Zhen in the latter part of...
contains aristolochicacid, a carcinogenic compound. The United States Food and Drug Administration warns that consumption of aristolochicacid-containing...
aristolochicacid. The larvae sequester the toxin, and both the juvenile and adult butterflies have high and toxic concentrations of the aristolochic...
contains aristolochicacid, a carcinogenic compound. The United States Food and Drug Administration warns that consumption of aristolochicacid-containing...
plant. The use of this plant poses a risk as it contains the toxin aristolochicacid which is carcinogenic. The USDA has banned all products containing...
1:1 mixture of two forms, aristolochicacid I and aristolochicacid II. In addition to its carcinogenicity, aristolochicacid is also highly nephrotoxic...
the past few decades for the discovery of a potent compound called aristolochicacid, which has been the focus of debate due its harmful side effects....
butterfly gets its common name. This plant genus is known to have active aristolochicacids, which pipevine swallowtail larvae sequester and use for defensive...
medicines suspected of containing aristolochicacid, unless laboratory testing indicated they were negative for aristolochicacid. The traditional route of ingestion...
By eating some of these toxic plants, the caterpillars sequester aristolochicacid which renders both the caterpillars and the butterflies of some of...
consuming Asarum, as it is nephrotoxic and contains the potent carcinogen aristolochicacid. The birthwort family also contains the genus Aristolochia, known...
Demeclocycline Foscarnet Lead, Uranium, mercury, and cadmium salts Aristolochicacid, found in some plants and in some herbal supplements derived from...
of aristolochicacid present in many Chinese herbal medications has been shown to cause urothelial carcinoma and kidney failure. Aristolochicacid activates...
carcinogens in the urine and is a leading cause of bladder cancer. Aristolochicacid, a compound found in plants of the family Aristolochiaceae, also causes...
polyxena). Eating the leaves of the plant the larvae this insect ingest aristolochicacid that make them poisonous to birds. This plant is common in Mediterranean...
an Ayahuasca session. Caution is required; injuries are linked to aristolochicacid contained in some species of this family, as in Belgium incorrect...
metabolites known as aristolochicacids. Aristolochicacids are compounds that are composed of nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acids that have been utilized...
the plant are also reported. The link between kidney failure and aristolochicacid, which the plant contains, was discovered after a clinic for obesity...
Balkan endemic nephropathy was found to be caused by chronic intake of aristolochicacid, while the causes of Mesoamerican nephropathy that occurs in sugar...
Synthesis of aristolochicacid. Complex molecules require many steps to be synthesized. And the more steps are required to synthesize a particular molecule...
function not only as photoreceptors, but also as chemoreceptors for aristolochicacid. These opsins still have Lys2967.43 like other opsins. However, if...
phytochemicals are known phytotoxins that are toxic to humans; for example aristolochicacid is carcinogenic at low doses. Some phytochemicals are antinutrients...
acetone and threonine. Illustrative of the myriad pathways to MGO, aristolochicacid caused 12-fold increase of methylglyoxal from 18 to 231 μg/mg of kidney...
but is carcinogenic and very damaging to the kidneys, owing to its aristolochicacid content. As a defense against predation, many plants contain toxic...
Aristolochia, family Aristolochiaceae, and they sequester toxins such as aristolochicacid in their bodies. This makes the adults toxic to vertebrate predators...
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