The anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) is a small cluster of cells located in the preoptic area of hypothalamus of the brain that is abundant in nuclear hormone receptors in a sexually dimorphic manner, strongly implicated, in rat models, as being neonatally imprinted and subsequently controlling sex-typical physiology and behaviors.[1] This nucleus or cluster of cells is typically of bigger size in females than males, contrary to the sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN) that is bigger in males.[2]
In rats and mice, the AVPV plus the periventricular nucleus make up the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle (RP3V). This area is full of kisspeptin-expressing neurons and is involved in regulating GnRH neurons, and is responsible for the LH surge in female mice.
^Gore, A. (2008). "Developmental programming and endocrine disruptor effects on reproductive neuroendocrine systems". Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology. 29 (3): 358–374. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.02.002. PMC 2702520. PMID 18394690.
^LeVay, Simon (2011). Gay, Straight, and the Reason Why. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-19-993158-3.
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The periventricularnucleus is a thin sheet of small neurons located in the wall of the third ventricle, a composite structure of the hypothalamus. It...
The anteroventralperiventricularnucleus (AVPV) is a small cluster of cells located in the preoptic area of hypothalamus of the brain that is abundant...
ARC. The RP3V is composed of the anteroventralperiventricularnucleus (APVN) and the preoptic periventricularnucleus, where KNDy neurons are sexually...
receptors reduces androgen receptor expression in the rat anteroventralperiventricularnucleus and sexually dimorphic preoptic area". The European Journal...
120. PMID 2891718. S2CID 18748366. Johnson, A. K (1985). "The periventricularanteroventral third ventricle (AV3V): Its relationship with the subfornical...
dopaminergic cells located in the posterior periventricularnucleus and the intermediate periventricularnucleus of the hypothalamus in the macaque. In the...
expression of kisspeptin in neurons of the arcuate nucleus and anteroventralperiventricularnucleus. Although classical studies have suggested that negative...
also display decreased expression of the Kiss-1 gene in the anteroventralperiventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. The product of this gene, kisspeptin...
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