Acarbose (INN)[1][2] is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some countries, prediabetes. It is a generic sold in Europe and China as Glucobay (Bayer AG), in North America as Precose (Bayer Pharmaceuticals), and in Canada as Prandase (Bayer AG).
Acarbose is a starch blocker. It works by inhibiting alpha glucosidase, an intestinal enzyme that releases glucose from larger carbohydrates such as starch and sucrose. It is composed of an acarviosin moiety with a maltose at the reducing terminus. It can be degraded by a number of gut bacteria.[3]
Acarbose is cheap and popular in China, but not in the U.S. One physician explains that use in the U.S. is limited because it is not potent enough to justify the side effects of diarrhea and flatulence.[4] However, a large study concluded in 2013 that "acarbose is effective, safe and well tolerated in a large cohort of Asian patients with type 2 diabetes."[5] A possible explanation for the differing opinions is an observation that acarbose is significantly more effective in patients eating a relatively high carbohydrate Eastern diet.[6]
^Elks J, Ganellin CR, eds. (1990). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 1–. doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2085-3. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
^"International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances. Recommended International Nonproprietary Names (Rec. INN): List 19" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1979. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
^Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Kresge N (21 November 2011). "China's Thirst for New Diabetes Drugs Threatens Bayer's Lead". Bloomberg Business Week. Archived from the original on 21 November 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
^Zhang W, Kim D, Philip E, Miyan Z, Barykina I, Schmidt B, Stein H (April 2013). "A multinational, observational study to investigate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of acarbose as add-on or monotherapy in a range of patients: the Gluco VIP study". Clinical Drug Investigation. 33 (4): 263–274. doi:10.1007/s40261-013-0063-3. PMID 23435929. S2CID 207483590.
^Zhu Q, Tong Y, Wu T, Li J, Tong N (June 2013). "Comparison of the hypoglycemic effect of acarbose monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consuming an Eastern or Western diet: a systematic meta-analysis". Clinical Therapeutics. 35 (6): 880–899. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.03.020. PMID 23602502.
Acarbose (INN) is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some countries, prediabetes. It is a generic sold in Europe and...
after a meal. There are three major drugs which belong to this class, acarbose, miglitol and voglibose, of which voglibose is the newest. A Cochrane systematic...
A10BD15 (WHO) Metformin and canagliflozin A10BD16 (WHO) Metformin and acarbose A10BD17 (WHO) Metformin and gemigliptin A10BD18 (WHO) Metformin and empagliflozin...
that blocks the action of influenza virus neuraminidases (sialidases). Acarbose is a pseudotetrasaccharide mimicking maltotetraose (a substructure of starch)...
dapagliflozin A10BD16 Metformin and canagliflozin A10BD17 Metformin and acarbose A10BD18 Metformin and gemigliptin A10BD19 Linagliptin and empagliflozin...
Alpha-glucosidases are targeted by alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose and miglitol to control diabetes mellitus type 2. DNA glycosylases Mucopolysaccharidoses...
review to that of other blood sugar lowering-medicine, including metformin, acarbose, and repaglinide, as well as with appropriate diet and exercise, not showing...
reductions in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values are 0.5–1.0%. miglitol acarbose voglibose These medications are rarely used in the United States because...
of non-monosaccharide carbohydrates in a person's diet. In contrast to acarbose (another alpha-glucosidase inhibitor), miglitol is systemically absorbed;...
(sulfonylureas), agents that decrease absorption of sugar from the intestines (acarbose), agents that inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) that inactivates...