A component of the large subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome
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23S and 5S ribosomal RNAs
23S and 5S rRNAs indicating nucleotide numbers, helix numbers, and domains
Identifiers
Other data
RNA type
Gene; rRNA
Domain(s)
Bacteria
SO
SO:0001263
PDB structures
PDBe
A 3D representation of the ribosome. This is a view of the 3D arrangement of the 23S and 5S rRNA in the Escherichia coli 50S ribosomal subunit based on a cryo-electron microscopic reconstruction.[1]
The 23S rRNA is a 2,904 nucleotide long (in E. coli) component of the large subunit (50S) of the bacterial/archean ribosome and makes up the peptidyl transferase center (PTC).[2] The 23S rRNA is divided into six secondary structural domains titled I-VI, with the corresponding 5S rRNA being considered domain VII.[3] The ribosomal peptidyl transferase activity resides in domain V of this rRNA, which is also the most common binding site for antibiotics that inhibit translation, making it a target for ribosomal engineering.[2] A well-known member of this antibiotic class, chloramphenicol, acts by inhibiting peptide bond formation, with recent 3D-structural studies showing two different binding sites depending on the species of ribosome. Numerous mutations in domains of the 23S rRNA with Peptidyl transferase activity have resulted in antibiotic resistance.[4] 23S rRNA genes typically have higher sequence variations, including insertions and/or deletions, compared to other rRNAs.[5]
The eukaryotic homolog of the 23S LSU rRNA is the 28S ribosomal RNA, with a region filled by the 5.8S ribosomal RNA.[6]
^Mueller F, Sommer I, Baranov P, Matadeen R, Stoldt M, Wöhnert J, Görlach M, van Heel M, Brimacombe R (2000). "The 3D arrangement of the 23 S and 5 S rRNA in the Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal subunit based on a cryo-electron microscopic reconstruction at 7.5 Å resolution". J Mol Biol. 298 (1): 35–59. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.3635. PMID 10756104.
^ abWalker, Allison S.; Russ, William P.; Ranganathan, Rama; Schepartz, Alanna (2020-08-18). "RNA sectors and allosteric function within the ribosome". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (33): 19879–19887. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11719879W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1909634117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7443888. PMID 32747536.
^Zerges, William; Hauser, Charles (2009-01-01), Harris, Elizabeth H.; Stern, David B.; Witman, George B. (eds.), "Chapter 28 - Protein Synthesis in the Chloroplast", The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook (Second Edition), London: Academic Press, pp. 967–1025, ISBN 978-0-12-370873-1, retrieved 2021-10-07
^Vester, Birte; Long, Katherine S. (2013). Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria Caused by Modified Nucleosides in 23S Ribosomal RNA. Landes Bioscience.
^Pei A, Nossa CW, Chokshi P, Blaser MJ, Yang L, Rosmarin DM, Pei Z (5 May 2009). "Diversity of 23S rRNA Genes within Individual Prokaryotic Genomes". PLOS ONE. 4 (5): e5437. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.5437P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005437. PMC 2672173. PMID 19415112.
^Doris, Stephen M.; Smith, Deborah R.; Beamesderfer, Julia N.; Raphael, Benjamin J.; Nathanson, Judith A.; Gerbi, Susan A. (October 2015). "Universal and domain-specific sequences in 23S–28S ribosomal RNA identified by computational phylogenetics". RNA. 21 (10): 1719–1730. doi:10.1261/rna.051144.115. PMC 4574749. PMID 26283689.
other rRNAs. The eukaryotic homolog of the 23S LSU rRNA is the 28S ribosomalRNA, with a region filled by the 5.8S ribosomalRNA. In general, rRNA has an...
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme...
16S rRNA in phylogenetics in 1977. Multiple sequences of the 16S rRNA gene can exist within a single bacterium. Like the large (23S) ribosomalRNA, it...
25S–28S rRNA. Combined with 5.8S rRNA to the 5' side, it is the eukaryotic nuclear homologue of the prokaryotic 23S and mitochondrial 16S ribosomalRNAs. The...
chloroplasts the rRNA is composed of different (smaller) units, the large (23S) ribosomalRNA, 16S ribosomalRNA and 5S rRNA. The 16S rRNA is widely used...
The 5S ribosomalRNA (5S rRNA) is an approximately 120 nucleotide-long ribosomalRNA molecule with a mass of 40 kDa. It is a structural and functional...
components: the small and large ribosomal subunits. Each subunit consists of one or more ribosomalRNA molecules and many ribosomal proteins (r-proteins). The...
It is located in the large ribosomal subunit, where it catalyzes the peptide bond formation. It is composed entirely of RNA. The alignment between the...
small-subunit ribosomalRNA (rRNA) and large-subunit rRNA genes in the chromosome or the corresponding transcribed region in the polycistronic rRNA precursor...
RNA, and therefore presumably the 23S methyl RNA. This regulatory strategy is common in bacteria to control levels of ribosomal subunits, using RNA motifs...
transcription repair coupling factor Mfd, a 10-amino-acid insertion in ribosomal protein L19, a one-amino-acid insertion in FtsZ, a one-amino-acid insertion...
constituent of structural RNA (transfer, ribosomal, small nuclear (snRNA) and small nucleolar), and present in coding RNA, across the three phylogenetic...
Preribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) is the precursor to mature ribosomalRNA (rRNA), which is a component of ribosomes. Pre-rRNA is first transcribed from ribosomal DNA...
to the tRNA in the A site. This process, known as peptide bond formation, is catalyzed by a ribozyme (the 23SribosomalRNA in the 50S ribosomal subunit)...
is replaced with thymine in base pair 2576 of the genes coding for 23SribosomalRNA. This is the most common mechanism of resistance in staphylococci...
SILVA is a ribosomalRNA database established in collaboration between the Microbial Genomics Group at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology...
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