Marginalization and disenfranchisement of the Rif region
Status
Moroccan victory
Parties
Kingdom of Morocco
Riffian insurgents
Lead figures
Mohammed V
Sellam Amezian
Number
30,000[1]
Unknown
Casualties and losses
~1,000 killed[2]
3,000 killed[1] 8,420 captured[3]
v
t
e
Berber separatism in North Africa
Tuareg rebellions
1962–64
1990–95
2007–09
2012
Kabylie Conflict
FFS rebellion (1963–64)
Berber Spring (1980)
Black Spring (2001)
Rif Conflict
Rif War (1921–26)
1958 Rif riots (1958–59)
Hirak Rif Movement (2016–17)
1958 Rif riots, Rif Revolt or Rif uprising took place in the northern Rif region of Morocco by tribes rebelling against the Moroccan government, motivated by the region's marginalization.[4][5] The revolt, led by Sellam Amezian, had a clear set of demands: political and social rights, the departure of foreign troops from the country, the return of the resistance leader Abd el-Krim from exile, the dissolution of political parties, the liberation of political prisoners, and the installation of a "people's government" (gouvernement populaire). The coups and protests aimed at overthrowing the monarchy of the sultan and king Mohammed V of Morocco and his Alaouite dynasty in Morocco and forming a democratic republic.[6]
Prince Hassan, who was then military chief of staff, promulgated a decree that put the Rif region in a state of emergency and led an army of 20,000–30,000 soldiers to contain the uprising. The soldiers were aided with air support from French pilots. Estimates around 2,000–8,000 inhabitants of the region were killed and thousands more injured. According to El-Khattabi, 8,420 were taken as political prisoners.[6]
^ abIskander, Natasha; Iskander, Natasha Nefertiti (2010). Creative State: Forty Years of Migration and Development Policy in Morocco and Mexico. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-7599-3.
^Mouline, Nabil. "Qui sera l'État ? Le soulèvement du Rif reconsidéré (1958-1959)". Le carnet du Centre Jacques Berque (in French). Retrieved 17 July 2021.
^"The death of Mohsen Fikri and the long history of oppression and protest in Morocco's Rif". openDemocracy. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
^Le fellah marocain, défenseur du trône, de Rémy Leveau p.111 (version online)
^Ilahiane, Hsain (17 July 2006). Historical Dictionary of the Berbers Imazighen. ASIN 081085452X.
^ abAbouzzohour, Yasmina (2021). "How Do Liberalized Autocracies Repress Dissent? Evidence from Morocco". The Middle East Journal. 75 (2): 264–284. doi:10.3751/75.2.14. ISSN 1940-3461. S2CID 238800898.
1958Rifriots, Rif Revolt or Rif uprising took place in the northern Rif region of Morocco by tribes rebelling against the Moroccan government, motivated...
The Hirak Rif Movement or the Rif Movement (Berber languages: ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⴰⵕⵉⴼ, Arabic: حراك الريف, lit. 'Movement of the Rif') is a popular resistance movement...
Islamic World. NYU Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-9819-5. Timeline for the Third Rif War (1920–25) Archived 20 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine Steven Thomas...
towards the country's northern region turned sharply negative with the 1958Rifriots, however.: 87 By Dahir of 17 October 1959, Mohammed V abrogated the...
Liberation and the Democratic Independence Party. In October 1958, riots started in the Rif region, as a result of marginalization of the region by the...
around the world and riots in Casablanca from 7–8 December 1952. Approximately 100 people were killed. In the aftermath of the riots, French authorities...
1958. p. 1. Dahmani, Youssef. "Soulèvement du Rif (1958) : Lorsqu'Abdelkrim Khattabi a demandé le soutien de Gamal Abdel Nasser" [Rif uprising (1958):...
1921 and 1926, an uprising in the Rif Mountains, led by Abd el-Krim, led to the establishment of the Republic of the Rif. The Spanish used anti-civilian...
War 1893 Rif War 1909 Rif War 1911–1912 Second Franco-Moroccan War 1920–1926 Rif War 1914–1921 Zaian War 1942 North African Campaign 1957–1958 Ifni War...
expelled in 1958), Paul Éluard, Louis Aragon, and others. This second Cartel coalition fell following the far-right 6 February 1934 riots, which forced...
The 2004 Qamishli riots were an uprising by Syrian Kurds in the northeastern city of Qamishli in March 2004, which culminated in a massacre by the Syrian...
2015, Hezbollah forces launches a new offensive in the Qalamoun region in Rif DImashq Governorate, supported by the Syrian Army with the aim of clearing...
returned to Africa. In the Rif War, the poorly commanded and overextended Spanish Army was defeated by the Republic of the Rif under the leadership of the...
Dead in 2-Day Riot in Morocco Fed by Frustration Over Economy". The New York Times. 17 December 1990. "5 Die, 127 Hurt as Worst Riots in 7 Years Sweep...
hiding. On May 22, 1955, pro-independence riots broke out in Cameroon's major cities, Douala and Yaounde. These riots would continue on until May 30, 1955...
majority of those involved in the rioting in the Paris region. Researcher Nabil Echchaibi reported that the riots were primarily orchestrated by minorities...
known as Azawad. Since late 2016, massive riots have spread across Moroccan Berber communities in the Rif region. Another escalation took place in May...
Retrieved 2021-02-17. Osborn, Catherine (9 January 2023). "Brazil's Capitol Riot Shows the Strength of Bolsonarism After Bolsonaro". Foreign Policy. Retrieved...
conditions within the camps and from the active murder/execution of prisoners. Riots and incidents where at least 100 people died are listed here. This section...
dropped mustard gas bombs against Berber rebels and civilians during the Rif War in Spanish Morocco (1921–1927). These attacks marked the first widespread...
2011. Retrieved 23 October 2008. "Naharnet Newsdesk – Syria Curbs Kurdish Riots for a Merger with Iraq's Kurdistan". Naharnet.com. Archived from the original...
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