For the conflicting numbering of this book and other books called "Esdras", see Esdras.
Hebrew Bible (Judaism)
Torah(Instruction)
Genesis
Bereshit
Exodus
Shemot
Leviticus
Wayiqra
Numbers
Bemidbar
Deuteronomy
Devarim
Nevi'im(Prophets)
Former
Joshua
Yehoshua
Judges
Shofetim
Samuel
Shemuel
Kings
Melakhim
Latter
Isaiah
Yeshayahu
Jeremiah
Yirmeyahu
Ezekiel
Yekhezqel
Minor
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Ketuvim(Writings)
Poetic
Psalms
Tehillim
Proverbs
Mishlei
Job
Iyov
Five Megillot(Scrolls)
Song of Songs
Shir Hashirim
Ruth
Rut
Lamentations
Eikhah
Ecclesiastes
Qohelet
Esther
Ester
Historical
Daniel
Daniyyel
Ezra–Nehemiah
Ezra
Chronicles
Divre Hayyamim
Old Testament (Christianity)
Pentateuch
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Historical
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1–2 Samuel
1–2 Kings
1–2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Esther
Wisdom
Job
Psalms
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Songs
Prophetic
Major prophets
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Ezekiel
Daniel
Minor prophets
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Deuterocanonical
Tobit
Judith
Additions to Esther
1 Maccabees
2 Maccabees
Wisdom of Solomon
Sirach
Baruch / Letter of Jeremiah
Additions to Daniel
Orthodox only
1 Esdras
2 Esdras
Prayer of Manasseh
Psalm 151
3 Maccabees
4 Maccabees
Odes
Orthodox Tewahedo
Enoch
Jubilees
1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan
Paralipomena of Baruch
Josippon
Broader canon
Bible portal
v
t
e
1 Esdras (Greek: Ἔσδρας Αʹ), also Esdras A, Greek Esdras, Greek Ezra, or 3 Esdras, is the ancient Greek Septuagint version of the biblical Book of Ezra in use within the early church, and among many modern Christians with varying degrees of canonicity. 1 Esdras is substantially similar to the standard Hebrew version of Ezra–Nehemiah, with the passages specific to the career of Nehemiah removed or re-attributed to Ezra, and some additional material.
As part of the Septuagint translation, it is now regarded as canonical in the churches of the East, but apocryphal in the West; either presented in a separate section, or excluded altogether.[1] 1 Esdras is found in Origen's Hexapla. The Greek Septuagint, the Old Latin bible and related bible versions include both Esdras Αʹ (English title: 1 Esdras) and Esdras Βʹ (Ezra–Nehemiah) as separate books.
There is scope for considerable confusion with references to 1 Esdras. The name refers primarily to translations of the original Greek 'Esdras A'.[2] The Septuagint calls it Esdras A and the Vetus Latina calls it 1 Esdras, while the Vulgate calls it 3 Esdras. It was considered apocryphal by Jerome.[3] The Vulgate book of Ezra, translated from the Hebrew was, from the 8th century onwards, occasionally split into two books, which were then denoted 1 Esdras (Ezra) and 2 Esdras (Nehemiah) respectively. Vulgate Bible editions of the 13th century, and in what later became the usage of the Clementine Vulgate and the Anglican Articles of Religion, '1 Esdras' is applied to the Book of Ezra; while the Book of Nehemiah corresponds to '2 Esdras'. Septuagint version Esdras A is called in the Clementine Vulgate 3 Esdras. The 'Apocalypse of Ezra', an additional work associated with the name Ezra, is denoted '4 Esdras' in the Clementine Vulgate and the Articles of Religion, but called '2 Esdras' in the King James Version and in most modern English bibles. 3 Esdras continues to be accepted as canonical by Eastern Orthodoxy and the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, with 4 Esdras varying in canonicity between particular denominations within the Eastern churches.[4]
Overwhelmingly, citations in early Christian writings claimed from the scriptural 'Book of Ezra' (without any qualification) are taken from 1 Esdras, and never from the 'Ezra' sections of Ezra–Nehemiah (Septuagint 'Esdras B'), the majority of early citations being taken from the 1 Esdras section containing the 'Tale of the Three Guardsmen', which is interpreted as Christological prophecy.[2]
^For example, it is listed among the Apocrypha in Article VI of the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England. Read Article VI at episcopalian.org Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
^ abBogaert, Pierre-Maurice (2000). "Les livres d'Esdras et leur numérotation dans l'histoire du canon de la Bible latin". Revue Bénédictine. 110 (1–2): 5–26. doi:10.1484/J.RB.5.100750.
^"St. Jerome, The Prologue on the Book of Ezra: English translation".
^"Are Esras 1 and 2 Canonical". Catholic Answers. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
1Esdras (Greek: Ἔσδρας Αʹ), also Esdras A, Greek Esdras, Greek Ezra, or 3 Esdras, is the ancient Greek Septuagint version of the biblical Book of Ezra...
The name "Esdras" is found in the title of four texts (entitled Ezra, Nehemiah, 1Esdras, 2 Esdras in most English versions) attributed to, or associated...
2 Esdras (also called 4 Esdras, Latin Esdras, or Latin Ezra) is an apocalyptic book in some English versions of the Bible. Tradition ascribes it to Ezra...
helps". In the Greek Septuagint the name is rendered Ésdrās (Ἔσδρας), from which the Latin name Esdras comes. In the Hebrew Bible, or the Christian Old Testament...
middle of the 2nd century BC. The Septuagint calls Esdras B to Ezra–Nehemiah and Esdras A to 1Esdras respectively. This usage is noted by the early Christian...
addition to 1Esdras. Four versions (Esdras, Josephus, Gower and Collier) mention the courtesan Apame who took the crown of Darius in Esdras and Josephus...
Eucharistic liturgy. The Protestant Apocrypha contains three books (1Esdras, 2 Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh) that are accepted by many Eastern Orthodox...
Canonical only for the Eastern Orthodox Church: Prayer of Manasseh 1Esdras 2 Esdras 3 Maccabees 4 Maccabees as an appendix Additions to Psalms: Psalm...
Maccabees The Story of Ahikar Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 1Esdras and 2 Esdras (150-100 BC) Tobit (200 BC) Judith (150 BC) Additions to Esther...
Greek supplemented the text of 1Esdras with the older translation of Ezra-Nehemiah, naming the two books Esdras A and Esdras B respectively; and this usage...
canonical." The whole of the books in question, with the exception of 1Esdras and 2 Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh, were declared canonical at Trent. The...
includes numerous books no longer considered canonical in some traditions: 1 and 2 Esdras, Judith, Tobit, 3 and 4 Maccabees, the Book of Wisdom, Sirach, and Baruch...
manuscript, the two books of Esdras refer to 1Esdras and Ezra–Nehemiah, corresponding respectively to Esdras A and Esdras B in the Septugint. In the prologue...
Bel and the Dragon); the additions to Esther; 1 Maccabees; 2 Maccabees; 3 Maccabees; 4 Maccabees; 1Esdras; Odes (including the Prayer of Manasseh); the...
the Authorised Version 1Esdras 3 Esdrae 3 Esdras The First Book of Esdras 2 Esdras 4 Esdrae 4 Esdras The Second Book of Esdras Tobit Tobiae Tobias Tobit...
Apocalypse of Ezra is not an exact match to the longer Latin Esdras–2 Esdras in KJV or 4 Esdras in the Vulgate—which includes a Latin prologue (5 Ezra) and...
worthies to establish their validity among the true writers' contemporaries. 2 Esdras reinforces this theory: when Ezra was inspired to dictate the sacred scriptures...
Croatia) also add: 3 Maccabees 1Esdras (called 2 Esdras in the Slavonic canon) Prayer of Manasseh Psalm 151 2 Esdras (4 Ezra) and the Prayer of Manasseh...
Manasseh, 3 Esdras, and 4 Esdras. The Gospels (4): Matthew, Mark, Luke, John Historical book (1): Acts of the Apostles Pauline epistles (13): Romans, 1 Corinthians...
1 Maccabees Wikiquote has quotations related to 1 Maccabees. NRSV text of 1 Maccabees: 1 Maccabees 1:1–6:63, 1 Maccabees 7:1–12:53, 1 Maccabees 13:1–16:24...
in two in Christian Bibles: I Chronicles II Chronicles Ezra (1Esdras) Nehemiah (2 Esdras) Tobit (only included in the Catholic and Orthodox canons) Judith...
name means "comforter", and he was from the town of Elkosh or Alqosh (Nahum 1:1), which scholars have attempted to identify with several cities, including...
fluent and may be considered original. One of the youngest of these books, 2 Esdras, has a complex composition history with a probable mix of Hebrew, Latin...
Esdras 1:2), his name is listed as Borith and in 1Esdras 8:2, he is called Boccas. According to Josephus (Antiquities of the Jews 5.10.5; 8.1.3) and...
of "Accaba" (1Esdras 5:30, Revised Version), see the entry for Hagab. For the "Agaba" of 1Esdras 5:30, see Hagab. Ahumai, according to 1 Chronicles 4:2...
earlier sections of 1 Enoch had direct textual and content influence on many Biblical apocrypha, such as Jubilees, 2 Baruch, 2 Esdras, Apocalypse of Abraham...
Global Information