This article is about an apocryphal work attributed to Ezra. For the protocanonical book following the canonical Book of Ezra, see Book of Nehemiah. For other biblical books called "Esdras", see Esdras.
Illustration of the triple-headed eagle from Ezra's vision (head-piece from Bowyer Bible, Apocrypha, 1815)
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2 Esdras (also called 4 Esdras, Latin Esdras, or Latin Ezra) is an apocalyptic book in some English versions of the Bible.[a][b][2] Tradition ascribes it to Ezra, a scribe and priest of the fifth century BC, whom the book identifies with the sixth-century figure Shealtiel.[3]: 37
2 Esdras forms a part of the canon of Scripture in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church (an Oriental Orthodoxy body), though it is reckoned among the apocrypha by Roman Catholics, Protestants, and most Eastern Orthodox Christians.[4] 2 Esdras was excluded by Jerome from his Vulgate version of the Old Testament, but from the 9th century onwards, the Latin text is sporadically found as an appendix to the Vulgate, inclusion becoming more general after the 13th century.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^ISBN 978-0-385-09630-0.
^NETBible, Apocalyptic Esdras Archived September 26, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^Stone, Michael Edward (1990). Fourth Ezra: A Commentary on the Book of Fourth Ezra. Hermeneia. Fortress Press. ISBN 978-0-8006-6026-0.
^For example, it is listed with the apocrypha in the Anglican Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion.
2Esdras (also called 4 Esdras, Latin Esdras, or Latin Ezra) is an apocalyptic book in some English versions of the Bible. Tradition ascribes it to Ezra...
The name "Esdras" is found in the title of four texts (entitled Ezra, Nehemiah, 1 Esdras, 2Esdras in most English versions) attributed to, or associated...
1 Esdras (Greek: Ἔσδρας Αʹ), also Esdras A, Greek Esdras, Greek Ezra, or 3 Esdras, is the ancient Greek Septuagint version of the biblical Book of Ezra...
helps". In the Greek Septuagint the name is rendered Ésdrās (Ἔσδρας), from which the Latin name Esdras comes. In the Hebrew Bible, or the Christian Old Testament...
(ne prorsus interirent). Prayer of Manasseh 3 Esdras (1 Esdras in the King James Bible) 4 Esdras (2Esdras in the King James Bible) The protocanonical and...
Bible, in addition to Uriel (2Esdras 4:1 and 2Esdras 5:20) and Jerahmeel (2Esdras 4:36), which are contained in 2Esdras, also included in the Apocrypha...
with Esdras A being reintroduced as '3 Esdras' and Latin Esdras being added as '4 Esdras'. At the Council of Trent neither '3 Esdras' nor '4 Esdras' were...
Littmann, Enno; Kohler, Kaufmann, "Esdras, Books of", Jewish Encyclopedia Oesterley, William Oscar Emil (1935). "II Esdras (The "Ezra Apocalypse")". An Introduction...
that in 2Esdras, but critics are divided over the question of which influenced the other. The probabilities favor the hypothesis that that in 2 Baruch...
Apocalypse of Ezra is not an exact match to the longer Latin Esdras–2Esdras in KJV or 4 Esdras in the Vulgate—which includes a Latin prologue (5 Ezra) and...
fluent and may be considered original. One of the youngest of these books, 2Esdras, has a complex composition history with a probable mix of Hebrew, Latin...
middle of the 2nd century BC. The Septuagint calls Esdras B to Ezra–Nehemiah and Esdras A to 1 Esdras respectively. This usage is noted by the early Christian...
it was probably composed in the period 200–100 BCE. 2Esdras has no connection with the other Esdras books beyond taking Ezra as its central character....
Lutheranism, Anglicanism and Methodism) The prayer is cited from 2Esdras (4 Esdras Vulgate): Therefore, I say to you, O nations that hear and understand...
worthies to establish their validity among the true writers' contemporaries. 2Esdras reinforces this theory: when Ezra was inspired to dictate the sacred scriptures...
Michael and the angel Gabriel; Uriel is named in 2Esdras (4:1 and 5:20) and Jerahmeel is named in 2Esdras 4:36, a book that is regarded as canonical by...
numerous books no longer considered canonical in some traditions: 1 and 2Esdras, Judith, Tobit, 3 and 4 Maccabees, the Book of Wisdom, Sirach, and Baruch...
2 Maccabees, also known as the Second Book of Maccabees, Second Maccabees, and abbreviated as 2 Macc., is a deuterocanonical book which recounts the persecution...
three books whose canonicity was questioned: Prayer of Manasseh, 3 Esdras, and 4 Esdras. The Gospels (4): Matthew, Mark, Luke, John Historical book (1):...
Maccabees The Story of Ahikar Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 1 Esdras and 2Esdras (150-100 BC) Tobit (200 BC) Judith (150 BC) Additions to Esther (Vulgate...
canonical." The whole of the books in question, with the exception of 1 Esdras and 2Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh, were declared canonical at Trent. The...
the Authorised Version 1 Esdras 3 Esdrae 3 Esdras The First Book of Esdras2Esdras 4 Esdrae 4 Esdras The Second Book of Esdras Tobit Tobiae Tobias Tobit...
Croatia) also add: 3 Maccabees 1 Esdras (called 2Esdras in the Slavonic canon) Prayer of Manasseh Psalm 151 2Esdras (4 Ezra) and the Prayer of Manasseh...
9:21), and often, Raphael (Tobit 12:15), Uriel (2Esdras 4:1 and 2Esdras 5:20) and Jerahmeel (2Esdras 4:36). Michaelmas is used in the extended sense...
The Second Book of Enoch (abbreviated as 2 Enoch and also known as Slavonic Enoch, Slavic Enoch, or the Secrets of Enoch) is a pseudepigraphic text in...
without officially considering it canonical.) 3 Esdras ("3 Esdras" in Russian Bibles correspond to "4 Esdras" in Vulgate Bibles. Russian and Georgian Bibles...
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