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Zero Gradient Synchrotron information


The Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS), was a weak focusing 12.5 GeV proton accelerator that operated at the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois from 1964 to 1979.

It enabled pioneering experiments in particle physics, in the areas of

  • quark model tests;
  • neutrino physics (observation of neutrino interaction in its 12 ft hydrogen bubble chamber for the first time in 1970);
  • spin physics of hadrons (utilizing a polarized accelerated proton beam in the GeV range for the first time); and
  • Kaon decays.

Other noteworthy features of the ZGS program were the large number of university-based users and the pioneering development of large superconducting magnets for bubble chambers and beam transport.

The hardware and building of the ZGS were ultimately inherited by a spallation neutron source program, the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS).

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Zero Gradient Synchrotron

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The Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS), was a weak focusing 12.5 GeV proton accelerator that operated at the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois from...

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Argonne National Laboratory

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hydrated electron. Argonne was chosen as the site of the 12.5 GeV Zero Gradient Synchrotron, a proton accelerator that opened in 1963. A bubble chamber allowed...

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List of accelerators in particle physics

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cosmic rays. List of accelerator mass spectrometry facilities List of synchrotron radiation facilities "Building the cyclotron". Retrieved August 22, 2018...

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ZGS

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ZGS may refer to: Zero Gradient Synchrotron – particle accelerator at Argonne National Laboratory, in operation 1964-79 Zimbabwe Geological Survey ZGS...

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Yanglai Cho

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He then became director of the accelerator group for Argonne's Zero Gradient Synchrotron and worked on the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source before leaving...

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December 1963

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Lemont, Illinois, the Argonne National Laboratory put its new "zero gradient synchrotron" into operation, which was described as opening a "new era in...

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Proton Synchrotron

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cost of a conventional synchrotron is the magnets. The PS was the first accelerator at CERN that made use of the alternating-gradient principle, also called...

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Midwestern Universities Research Association

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and funding MURA, a machine that would produce the same energy as Argonne's Zero Gradient Synchrotron but at 100 fold the intensity. v t e v t e v t e...

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Electric potential

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electrostatics, the electrostatic field is a vector quantity expressed as the gradient of the electrostatic potential, which is a scalar quantity denoted by V...

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Harold Spinka

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also did important work involving the Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS) and the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS). In 2007 Spinka was elected a fellow...

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Carlton Bolling College

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Albert Crewe (right) at the Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS), inventor of the scanning electron microscope in the late 1960s, winning the Duddell Medal...

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Jack Steinberger

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the decays of charged pions and kaons. They used the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) at Brookhaven, and obtained a number of convincing events in...

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Halbach array

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quantities we are interested in depend on gradients of this potential, we can arbitrarily set the constant to zero for convenience.) To obtain a second set...

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Kaon

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(CP = +1) in an experiment performed in 1964 at the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron at the Brookhaven laboratory. As explained in an earlier section...

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Demagnetizing field

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along with regularity at infinity, have identical gradients. The demagnetizing field Hd is the gradient of this potential (equation 4). The energy of the...

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Magnetic vector potential

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and remembering that the divergence of the curl is zero and the curl of the gradient is the zero vector: ∇⋅B=∇⋅(∇×A)=0∇×E=∇×(−∇ϕ−∂A∂t)=−∂∂t(∇×A)=−∂B∂t...

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Electrostatics

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field is irrotational, it is possible to express the electric field as the gradient of a scalar function, ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } , called the electrostatic...

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Deuterium

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antideuteron was first produced in 1965 at the Proton Synchrotron at CERN and the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron at Brookhaven National Laboratory. A complete...

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Magnetic moment

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this definition, the magnetic dipole moment of a system is the negative gradient of its intrinsic energy, Uint, with respect to external magnetic field:...

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Metamaterial

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limited by diffraction. A form of 'invisibility' was demonstrated using gradient-index materials. Acoustic and seismic metamaterials are also research areas...

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Electric dipole moment

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of the point charge. The electric field of the dipole is the negative gradient of the potential, leading to: E(R)=3(p⋅R^)R^−p4πε0R3.{\displaystyle \mathbf...

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Electrostatic induction

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{\displaystyle (\mathbf {E} =0)\,} , within a conductive object the gradient of the potential is zero ∇ V = 0 {\displaystyle \nabla V=\mathbf {0} \,} Another way...

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Magnetic field

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particles. For instance, electrons spiraling around a field line produce synchrotron radiation that is detectable in radio waves. The finest precision for...

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