A Halbach array (German:[ˈhalbax]) is a special arrangement of permanent magnets that augments the magnetic field on one side of the array while cancelling the field to near zero on the other side.[1][2] This is achieved by having a spatially rotating pattern of magnetisation.
The rotating pattern of permanent magnets (on the front face; on the left, up, right, down) can be continued indefinitely and have the same effect. The effect of this arrangement is roughly similar to many horseshoe magnets placed adjacent to each other, with similar poles touching.
This magnetic orientation process replicates that applied by a magnetic recording tape head to the magnetic tape coating during the recording process. The principle was further described by James (Jim) M. Winey of Magnepan in 1970, for the ideal case of continuously rotating magnetization, induced by a one-sided stripe-shaped coil.[3]
The effect was also discovered by John C. Mallinson in 1973, and these "one-sided flux" structures were initially described by him as a "curiosity", although at the time he recognized from this discovery the potential for significant improvements in magnetic tape technology.[4]
Physicist Klaus Halbach, while at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory during the 1980s, independently invented the Halbach array to focus particle accelerator beams.[5]
^Cite error: The named reference Halbach1980 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Halbach1985 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Electromagnetic Transducer, James Winey, Figure 29; United States Patent 3,674,946, filed Dec. 23, 1970". www.espacenet.com.
^Mallinson J.C. (1973). "One-Sided Fluxes — A Magnetic Curiosity?". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 9 (4): 678–682. Bibcode:1973ITM.....9..678M. doi:10.1109/TMAG.1973.1067714.
^"Magnetically levitated train takes flight | US Department of Energy Science News | EurekAlert! Science News". www.eurekalert.org. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
A Halbacharray (German: [ˈhalbax]) is a special arrangement of permanent magnets that augments the magnetic field on one side of the array while cancelling...
during manufacture in a sophisticated magnetization pattern called a Halbacharray. This construction almost doubles the magnetic field on the refrigerator...
confused with array programming) Color filter array, placed over an imaging array Field emitter array, an electron source Halbacharray, an arrangement...
Klaus Halbach (1925–2000), German-born American particle physicist and inventor of the HalbachArray in the 1980s Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (1907–1967)...
than triple the lift force. Using two opposed Halbacharrays increases the field even further. Halbacharrays are also well-suited to magnetic levitation...
technology is "passive" (or "permanent"), using permanent magnets in a Halbacharray for lift and requiring no electromagnets for either levitation or propulsion...
Earnshaw's theorem Electret Electromagnetic field Electromagnetism Halbacharray Magnetic nanoparticles Magnetic switch Magneto Magnetochemistry Molecule-based...
to the relative movement of the field and the rotor. Dynamo theory Halbacharray, a magnetic field that rotates spatially Linear motor Magnetic stirrer...
{\sqrt {3}}R} and the coils fed with opposite currents. Magnetic field Halbacharray Garrett, Milan Wayne (1967). "Thick Cylindrical Coil Systems for Strong...
derivative of position. This is sometimes called a Maxwell coil. Solenoid Halbacharray A magnetic bottle has the same structure as Helmholtz coils, but with...
unpowered loops of wire in the track and permanent magnets (arranged into Halbacharrays) on the vehicle to achieve magnetic levitation. The track can be in...
the moment to be of significance on the analysis of the discrepancy. Halbacharray-used in the "bottle" method When physicists strip neutrons from atomic...
Ehrenhaft Flatness problem Gauss's law for magnetism Ginzburg–Landau theory Halbacharray Horizon problem Instanton Magnetic monopole problem Meron Soliton 't...
The mechanical rotation of a radially positioned permanent-magnet Halbacharray above a conducting, nonmagnetic track induces eddy currents in the track...
system, magnetic bearings could replace complex control systems by using Halbacharrays and simple closed loop coils. These systems gain in simplicity, but...
of kgs) and a relatively large FoV (15–25 DSV) at the same time. A Halbacharray supplies a magnetic field that points in the transversal direction and...
Electropermanent magnet. Magnet Electromagnet Magnetic base Variable Halbacharray Knaian, Ara Nerses (2010). Electropermanent Magnetic Connectors and...
coupled to the drive train via three-phase permanent magnets in a Halbacharray. In 1995 SatCon and Chrysler were awarded the Discover Award for innovation...
pod designed to levitate using a series of fixed magnets following a Halbacharray and a pusher with 4 electric motors for acceleration to high velocities[need...
unpowered loops of wire in the track and permanent magnets (arranged into Halbacharrays) on the vehicle to achieve magnetic levitation. The track can be in...
brushless three-"phase" DC, electronically commutated, wheel motors, with a Halbacharray configuration for the neodymium-iron-boron magnets, and Litz wire for...
uses novel magnetic resonance techniques such as Earth's field NMR and Halbacharray permanent magnets to create products such as the Spinsolve benchtop...
Nuclear Physics (BINP) in Russia developed permanent magnetic arrays, known as Halbacharrays, which allowed short repeating periods unachievable with either...
motion damping device in the form of a magnetic rail brake featuring a Halbacharray of rare-earth magnets. The winning design is tested by team member Chuck...
rotates. This allows for much stronger magnetic fields, particularly if halbacharrays are employed. This, in turn, gives power to the motor at lower speeds...