Study of stationary or slow-moving electric charges
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Foam peanuts clinging to a cat's fur due to static electricity. The electric field of the charged fur causes polarization of the molecules of the foam due to electrostatic induction, resulting in a slight attraction of the light plastic pieces to the fur.[1][2][3][4] This effect is also the cause of static cling in clothes.
Electrostatics is a branch of physics that studies slow-moving or stationary electric charges.
Since classical times, it has been known that some materials, such as amber, attract lightweight particles after rubbing. The Greek word for amber, ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron), was thus the source of the word 'electricity'. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law.
There are many examples of electrostatic phenomena, from those as simple as the attraction of plastic wrap to one's hand after it is removed from a package, to the apparently spontaneous explosion of grain silos, the damage of electronic components during manufacturing, and photocopier and laser printer operation.
The electrostatic model accurately predicts electrical phenomena in "classical" cases where the velocities are low and the system is macroscopic so no quantum effects are involved. It also plays a role in quantum mechanics, where additional terms also need to be included.
^Ling, Samuel J.; Moebs, William; Sanny, Jeff (2019). University Physics, Vol. 2. OpenStax. ISBN 9781947172210. Ch.30: Conductors, Insulators, and Charging by Induction
^Bloomfield, Louis A. (2015). How Things Work: The Physics of Everyday Life. John Wiley and Sons. p. 270. ISBN 9781119013846.
^"Polarization". Static Electricity - Lesson 1 - Basic Terminology and Concepts. The Physics Classroom. 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
^Thompson, Xochitl Zamora (2004). "Charge It! All About Electrical Attraction and Repulsion". Teach Engineering: Stem curriculum for K-12. University of Colorado. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
Encyclopædia Britannica article "Electrostatics". Media related to Electrostatics at Wikimedia Commons Look up electrostatics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary...
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a sudden and momentary flow of electric current between two differently-charged objects when brought close together or...
electrodes". Journal of Electrostatics. 40–41: 483–488. doi:10.1016/S0304-3886(97)00091-0. U.S. patent 4,642,559 – Electrostatic field meter - Texaco, Inc...
problem with integrating such a woofer with the electrostatics. This is because most electrostatics are line sources, the sound pressure level of which...
—- T. T. Brown -- "Electrostatic motor" (1934-09-25) U.S. patent 3,433,981 -- B. Bollee -- "Electrostatic Motor" (ed. Electrostatics from Atmospheric Electricity)...
Encyclopædia Britannica article "Electrostatics". Media related to Electrostatic induction at Wikimedia Commons "Charging by electrostatic induction". Regents exam...
Electrostatic voltmeter can refer to an electrostatic charge meter, known also as surface DC voltmeter, or to a voltmeter to measure large electrical...
An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is a filterless device that removes fine particles, such as dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of...
be used. In classical electrostatics, the electrostatic field is a vector quantity expressed as the gradient of the electrostatic potential, which is a...
thermionic valve (vacuum tube) based and automotive electronics. In electrostatics, the voltage increase from point r A {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} _{A}}...
Electrostatic levitation is the process of using an electric field to levitate a charged object and counteract the effects of gravity. It was used, for...
Electrostatic coating is a manufacturing process that employs charged particles to more efficiently paint a workpiece. Paint, in the form of either powdered...
An electrostatic pickup converts mechanical motion to an electrical signal by means of varying electrical capacitance. This type of pickup, in which the...
In electromagnetism, electrostatic deflection refers to a way of modifying the path of a beam of charged particles by the use of an electric field applied...
The study of electric fields created by stationary charges is called electrostatics. Faraday's law describes the relationship between a time-varying magnetic...
An electrostatic plotter is a type of plotter that draws images on paper with an electrostatic process. They are most frequently used for Computer-Aided...
Moore (Editor), "Electrostatics and its Applications". Wiley, New York, 1973. Oleg D. Jefimenko (with D. K. Walker), "Electrostatic motors". Phys. Teach...
Loudspeaker" in 1949, but this was not commercially successful. The electrostatics were designed by Theo Williamson, and the company's founder, Peter Walker...
of Electrostatics. 51–52: 82–90. doi:10.1016/S0304-3886(01)00106-1. Schein, L. B. (2007). "Recent Progress and Continuing Puzzles in Electrostatics". Science...
An electrostatic separator is a device for separating particles by mass in a low energy charged beam. An example is the electrostatic precipitator used...
An electrostatic lens is a device that assists in the transport of charged particles. For instance, it can guide electrons emitted from a sample to an...
charges. Charge is the fundamental property of matter that exhibits electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter with charge...
centimetre. The coulomb is an extremely large charge rarely encountered in electrostatics, while the statcoulomb is closer to everyday charges. The statcoulomb...
An electrostatic particle accelerator is a particle accelerator in which charged particles are accelerated to a high energy by a static high voltage potential...
The behavior of electric and magnetic fields, whether in cases of electrostatics, magnetostatics, or electrodynamics (electromagnetic fields), is governed...
Inertial electrostatic confinement, or IEC, is a class of fusion power devices that use electric fields to confine the plasma rather than the more common...
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