The Zbruch (Ukrainian: Збруч; Polish: Zbrucz) is a river in Western Ukraine, a left tributary of the Dniester.[1]
It flows within the Podolian Upland starting from the Avratinian Upland. Zbruch is the namesake of the Zbruch idol, a sculpture of a Slavic deity (9th century) in the form of a column with a head with four faces, discovered in 1848 by the river. The idol is 2.67 m (8.8 ft) in height. From 1851 the statue is kept in the Archaeological Museum of Kraków, however its copies are available in the Moscow Historical Museum, the Ternopil Regional Museum, and the Pochaiv Museum of Atheism. Scientist consider that the idol an interpretation of the ancient Slavic of god Sviatovit sacked upon the baptizing of the local population.
Upon the river are situated a couple of small Hydro Electric Stations (Bodnariv's and Martynkiv's), while along the river are some 140 ponds. The river serves as a natural border between Ternopil and Khmelnytskyi regions. As it was mentioned above, the river flows through the Podolia Upland sneaking past the Podolian hills also known as Medobory for their honey-bearing flora (literally: Med - honey and Bory - forests). Along the river, there are recreational areas for swimming in the water. Medobory stretches from the northeastern part of the Lviv Region to the northern borders of the Republic of Moldova. The Zbruch, at its mouth, has a width of some 18 m (59 ft). The source of the river lies in relative proximity to other rivers such as the Horyn and the Sluch and used to serve as an alternative route for the tradeway "From the Varangians to Greeks". Presumably the earliest name for the river was Boruch.
The Zbruch had international significance following the first partition of Poland when between 1772 and 1793 the river was a border between Poland-Lithuania and Habsburg monarchy. After the second partition of Poland in 1793–1807 and 1815–1918 the river was a border between the Austrian Galicia on one side and Imperial Russia on the other. During that time the river was also called Pidhirtsi. Following the Polish-Ukrainian Alliance of 1920 it was intended as the border between Poland and Ukraine. After the Treaty of Riga the Polish-Soviet border was established in the area, running along the river (this situation lasted until 1939).
Charles de Gaulle, who served with the staff of the French Military Mission to Poland as an instructor of Poland's infantry during the Polish-Soviet War (1919–1921), distinguished himself in operations near the Zbrucz, where he held the rank of major in the Polish army, and won Poland's highest military decoration, the Virtuti Militari.[2]
Sites along the river
Medobory Nature Preserve (near towns of Husyatyn and Hrymailiv)
National Nature Park "Podilski Tovtry"
Monochynsk Zakaznik
Kudryntsi Castle
Chornokozyntsi Castle
crossing between the towns of Pidvolochysk and Volochysk, forming historically a major border checkpoint between the Austrian crown and the Russian Empire
town of Husiatyn, a site of Zbruch idol discovery
Skala-Podilska Castle and park (a state architectural monument)
^Збруч, Great Soviet Encyclopedia
^Fenby, Jonathan (2010). The General: Charles De Gaulle and the France He Saved. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1847373922. Retrieved 19 November 2017, 71–74
The Zbruch (Ukrainian: Збруч; Polish: Zbrucz) is a river in Western Ukraine, a left tributary of the Dniester. It flows within the Podolian Upland starting...
The Zbruch Idol, Sviatovid (Worldseer, Polish: Światowid ze Zbrucza; Ukrainian: Збручанський ідол) is a 9th-century sculpture, more precisely an example...
dissolved FC Zbruch. In summer of 2014, former president of Zbruch Volochysk Yevhen Sinkov gave interview to UA-Football and told story about Zbruch and the...
to Svetovit in an idol from Zbruch, the so-called Sviatovid. This statue was found in 1848 from the bottom of the Zbruch River, a tributary of the Dniester...
Koropets [fr] (78 km or 48 mi), Strypa (147 km or 91 mi), Seret (250 km or 160 mi), Zbruch (245 km or 152 mi), Smotrych (169 km or 105 mi), Ushytsia [uk] (122 km or...
sanctuaries is a matter of dispute (Peryn, a complex near the site of the Zbruch idol). The main idea of paganism and mythology of the Slavs is given primarily...
able to capture more territory. By November, White Forces had reached the Zbruch, the Ukrainian-Polish border. Denikin's forces constituted a real threat...
1919 when the last UHA forces withdrew east of the River Zbruch. The border on the River Zbruch was confirmed at the Treaty of Warsaw, when in April 1920...
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast. Its tributaries that flow through the oblast include Zbruch, Seret, and Strypa among just a few of them. The Seret River (not to be...
for Ukrainians, given the unification of Ukrainian lands on both banks of Zbruch River, until then the border between the Soviet Union and the Polish communities...
Rus, conjectures that Mokosh is represented on one of the sides of the Zbruch Idol. Scholarship considers that traces of Mokosh exist in the toponymy...
within the oblast), as well as its tributaries: Smotrych, Ushytsia, and the Zbruch — and the Southern Buh River (which flows for 120 km (74.56 mi) within the...
first written mention is from 1427. In 1848, the Zbruch Idol was found on the right bank of the Zbruch, near Lychkivtsi. Also, there are ruins of the castle...
operation had just begun; the 11th Austrian Corps was stationed on the Zbruch River and one Austrian cavalry division, supported by infantry and artillery...
of Ukraine has varied greatly in history. Western Ukraine, west of the Zbruch river, until 1939 was for most of the time part of the Kingdom of Galicia...
Podolia Governorate in southwestern Russia bordering with Austria across the Zbruch River and with Bessarabia across the Dniester. Its area was 36,910 km2 (14...
(160 mi) river segment from the mouth of Zolota Lypa River to the mouth of Zbruch. Here the Dniester flows in a canyon valley with a depth of 80–200 m (260–660 ft)...
Vinnytsia, then to Kamianets-Podilskyi. By spring, the Red Army had reached the Zbruch and repelled a counteroffensive by the Ukrainian People's Army (UPA) that...
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