Global InformationWater supply and sanitation in Benin information
 | |
| Data | |
|---|---|
| Water coverage (broad definition) | (improved) 75% (2010)[1] |
| Sanitation coverage (broad definition) | (improved) 12% (2010)[1] |
| Continuity of supply | 24 hours in Cotonou, but depending on electricity[2] |
| Average urban water use (L/person/day) | 29[3] |
| Average urban water and sanitation tariff (US$/m3) | 0.41 for the first five m³[4] |
| Share of household metering | n/a |
| Annual investment in WSS | less than US$2/capita in rural areas (1999–2002) |
| Share of self-financing by utilities | Operation and Maintenance: High[4][5] |
| Share of tax-financing | not available |
| Share of external financing | High |
| Institutions | |
| Decentralization to municipalities | For rural areas, since 1999 |
| National water and sanitation company | National Water Company of Benin (SONEB) |
| Water and sanitation regulator | None |
| Responsibility for policy setting | Water: Ministry of Mines, Energy and Water Sanitation: Hygiene and Basic Sanitation Authority under the Ministry of Health |
| Sector law | Yes, but ineffective[6] |
| No. of urban service providers | 1 |
| No. of rural service providers | not available |
Drinking water supply and sanitation in Benin has been subject to considerable progress since the 1990s, in particular in rural areas, where coverage is higher than in many other African countries,[7] and almost all development partners follow a national demand-responsive strategy, which has been adopted in 1992.[8] New strategies to increase water supply in rural and urban areas have been adopted in 2005 and 2006.[9] Tariffs in urban and rural areas are usually high enough to cover the costs for operation and maintenance.[4][5]
However, challenges remain. A coherent institutional framework has been developed for rural areas and projects have been implemented with strong help by external donors. Responsibilities in water supply have been defined in a national strategy in 2007 and the national utility SONEB receives significant support in terms of investment and technical assistance.[7] Sanitation receives less attention. Wastewater treatment hardly exists.[10]
In order to reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) concerning water and sanitation, the Ministry of Economic and Financial Development estimates that US$80 million and US$22 million, respectively are needed per year from 2006 to 2015.[11][12][13] For the sake of comparison, less than US$ 10m per year have been invested in water supply and sanitation in rural areas where 55% of the population of Benin lives. No figures are available on actual investments in urban areas. Most likely, investments would have to increase manifold in order to reach the MDGs.
- ^ a b World Health Organization; UNICEF. "drinking water" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-06-04.
Based on:- Enquête démographique et de santé. 2003.
- Enquête socio-anthropologique sur la fécondité et la mortalité infantile et maternelle. 2003.
- Questionnaire des indicateurs de base du bien-être. 2003.
- Recencement général de la population et des habitations. 2002.
- Bénin (2001). Enquête Démographique et de Santé.
- Bénin. Ministère du plan, de la restructuration economique et de la promotion de l'emploi. (1996). Demographic and Health Survey., p. 18
- 1992 Census as recorded in Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000. Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Questionnaire. 1999.
- ^ Thibault, Adrien (September 2007). "Sustainability of the extension of water supply network from urban to periurban area in Cotonu, Benin" (PDF). Cranfield University. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 48 - ^ M'bareka, R.; Behle, C.; Mulindabigwi, V.; Schopp, M.; Singer, U. (2005). "Sustainable resource management in Benin embedded in the process of decentralisation". Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 30 (6–7): 365–371. Bibcode:2005PCE....30..365M. doi:10.1016/j.pce.2005.06.016., p. 366
- ^ a b c Thibault, Adrien (September 2007). "Sustainability of the extension of water supply network from urban to periurban area in Cotonu, Benin" (PDF). Cranfield University. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 43 - ^ a b World Bank (2004-12-20). "Benin - Enhancing the effectiveness of public spending - a review of three sectors" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-05-21.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 126 - ^ Water and Sanitation Program - Africa (December 2006). "Getting Africa on Track to Meet the MDGs on Water and Sanitation" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-05-16.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 2-4 - ^ a b Water and Sanitation Program. "Benin Challenges and Opportunities" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 14, 2007. Retrieved 2008-05-26.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ World Bank (2004-12-20). "Benin - Enhancing the effectiveness of public spending - a review of three sectors" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-05-21.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 106 - ^ Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) (August 2004). "Programme d'Appui au Développement du Secteur Eau et assainissement (PADSEA) (PhaseII)" (PDF) (in French). Retrieved 2008-05-16.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 12-13 - ^ Heidecke, Claudia (2006). "Development and evaluation of a regional water poverty index for Benin" (PDF). EPTD Discussion Papers. 145. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Retrieved 2008-05-20., p. 21
- ^ Ministry of Economic and Financial Development (December 2006). "Strategie pour l'atteinte de l'objectif N°7 des OMD au Benin. (Version définitive)" (PDF) (in French). Retrieved 2008-05-23.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 17-18 - ^ Ministry of Economic and Financial Development (December 2006). "Strategie pour l'atteinte de l'objectif N°7 des OMD au Benin. (Version définitive)" (PDF) (in French). Retrieved 2008-05-23.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help), p. 24 - ^ 1 CFA Franc BCEAO = US$0.002093 (2006-12-31); source: http://oanda.com