Water issues and problems in developing countries are diverse and serious
Woman washing dishes at water's edge in Bangladeshi Village
Water issues in developing countries include scarcity of drinking water, poor infrastructure for water and sanitation access, water pollution, and low levels of water security. Over one billion people in developing countries have inadequate access to clean water. The main barriers to addressing water problems in developing nations include poverty, costs of infrastructure, and poor governance. The effects of climate change on the water cycle can make these problems worse.
The contamination of water remains a significant issue because of unsanitary social practices that pollute water sources. Almost 80% of disease in developing countries is caused by poor water quality and other water-related issues that cause deadly health conditions such as cholera, malaria, and diarrhea.[1] It is estimated that diarrhea takes the lives of 1.5 million children every year, majority of which are under the age of five.[2][3]
Access to freshwater is unevenly distributed across the globe, with more than two billion people live in countries with significant water stress.[4] According to UN-Water, by 2025, 1.8 billion people will be living in areas across the globe with complete water scarcity.[5] Populations in developing countries attempt to access potable water from a variety of sources, such as groundwater, aquifers, or surface waters, which can be easily contaminated. Freshwater access is also constrained by insufficient wastewater and sewage treatment. Progress has been made over recent decades to improve water access, but billions still live in conditions with very limited access to consistent and clean drinking water.
^"The Water Crisis: The Importance of Clean Water to Health". The Water Project. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
^Black, Robert; Fontaine, Olivier; Lamberti, Laura; Bhan, Maharaj; Huicho, Luis; El Arifeen, Shams; Masanja, Honorati; Walker, Christa Fischer; Mengestu, Tigest Ketsela; Pearson, Luwei; Young, Mark (2019). "Drivers of the reduction in childhood diarrhea mortality 1980–2015 and interventions to eliminate preventable diarrhea deaths by 2030". Journal of Global Health. 9 (2): 020801. doi:10.7189/jogh.09.020801. ISSN 2047-2978. PMC 6815873. PMID 31673345.
^"WHO | Estimating child mortality due to diarrhoea in developing countries". WHO. Archived from the original on 29 June 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
^"Water Scarcity | Threats | WWF". World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
^Canada, Global Affairs (12 June 2017). "Water in developing countries". GAC. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
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