Water fluoridation in the United States information
U.S. residents served with community water fluoridation, 1992 and 2006. The percentages are the proportions of the resident population served by public water supplies who are receiving fluoridated water.[1]
As with some other countries, water fluoridation in the United States is a contentious issue. As of May 2000, 42 of the 50 largest U.S. cities had water fluoridation. On January 25, 1945, Grand Rapids, Michigan, became the first community in the United States to fluoridate its drinking water to prevent tooth decay.
Fluoridation became an official policy of the U.S. Public Health Service by 1951, and by 1960 water fluoridation had become widely used in the U.S., reaching about 50 million people.[2] By 2006, 69.2% of the U.S. population on public water systems were receiving fluoridated water, amounting to 61.5% of the total U.S. population.[3] Near the end of 2012, 67.1% of the U.S. population were getting water from community water systems (CWS) supplying water that had fluoride at or above recommended levels. Those included the 3.5% of the population that were on CWS with naturally occurring fluoride at or above recommended levels. 74.6% of those on CWS were receiving water with fluoride at or above recommended levels.[4]
U.S. regulations for bottled water do not require disclosing fluoride content.[5] A survey of bottled water in Cleveland and in Iowa, published in 2000, found that most had fluoride levels well below the 1 mg/L level common in tap waters.[6][7]
^Klein RJ (February 7, 2008). "Healthy People 2010 Progress Review, Focus Area 21—Oral Health". National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved December 14, 2009.
^Lennon MA (September 2006). "One in a million: the first community trial of water fluoridation". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 84 (9): 759–60. doi:10.2471/BLT.05.028209. PMC 2627472. PMID 17128347.
^Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC (September 17, 2008). "Water fluoridation statistics for 2006". Retrieved December 22, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^"Community Water Fluoridation --- 2012 Water Fluoridation Statistics". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
^Cite error: The named reference Hobson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Lalumandier JA, Ayers LW (March 2000). "Fluoride and bacterial content of bottled water vs tap water". Archives of Family Medicine. 9 (3): 246–50. doi:10.1001/archfami.9.3.246. PMID 10728111.
^"Study Finds Some Bottled Water Has More Bacteria And Less Fluoride Than Tap Water". www.sciencedaily.com. March 22, 2000. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
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