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Medical condition
Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Other names
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion (PVFM) or Paradoxical Vocal Cord Movement (PVCM)
Specialty
Otorhinolaryngology
Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a pathology affecting the vocal folds (commonly referred to as the vocal cords)[1] characterized by full or partial vocal fold closure causing difficulty and distress during respiration, especially during inhalation.[1]
Due to the similarity in symptoms, VCD attack are often mistaken for asthma attacks or laryngospasms. Symptoms of VCD are not always present.[2] Rather, they often occur episodically, often defined as "attacks," where the patient will be symptomatic for a short period of time.[1] Although several contributing factors have been identified, the exact cause of VCD is unknown.[3]
Diagnosis of VCD may include a series of evaluations including pulmonary function tests, medical imaging, and the evaluation or visualization of the vocal folds during an episode through the use of videolaryngoscopy.[3] Such evaluations can also help to rule out other conditions that can affect the upper and lower airway.[3] Treatment of VCD often combines behavioural, medical and psychological approaches, most often including an otolaryngologist, a psychologist, and a speech-language pathologist.[1] Although information on the incidence and prevalence of VCD is limited, it is known to occur most frequently in young women.[4]
^ abcdColton RH, Casper JK, Leonard R (2011). Understanding Voice Problems (4th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 325–326, 348–349. ISBN 978-1-60913-874-5.
^American Speech and Hearing Association. "Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)". www.asha.org. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
^ abcDowdall J, Thompson C. "Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion". Uptodate. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
^Cite error: The named reference Ibrahim was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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