Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils in the upper part of the throat. It can be acute or chronic.[8][9][2] Acute tonsillitis typically has a rapid onset.[10] Symptoms may include sore throat, fever, enlargement of the tonsils, trouble swallowing, and enlarged lymph nodes around the neck.[1][2] Complications include peritonsillar abscess (Quinsy).[1][3]
Tonsillitis is most commonly caused by a viral infection and about 5% to 40% of cases are caused by a bacterial infection.[1][5][6] When caused by the bacterium group A streptococcus, it is classed as streptococcal tonsillitis[11] also referred to as strep throat.[12] Rarely bacteria such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, or Haemophilus influenzae may be the cause.[5] Typically the infection is spread between people through the air.[6] A scoring system, such as the Centor score, may help separate possible causes.[1][5] Confirmation may be by a throat swab or rapid strep test.[1][5]
Treatment efforts involve improving symptoms and decreasing complications.[5] Paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen may be used to help with pain.[1][5] If strep throat is present the antibiotic penicillin by mouth is generally recommended.[1][5] In those who are allergic to penicillin, cephalosporins or macrolides may be used.[1][5] In children with frequent episodes of tonsillitis, tonsillectomy modestly decreases the risk of future episodes.[13]
About 7.5% of people have a sore throat in any three-month period and 2% of people visit a doctor for tonsillitis each year.[7] It is most common in school-aged children and typically occurs in the colder months of autumn and winter.[5][6] The majority of people recover with or without medication.[1][5] In 82% of people, symptoms resolve within one week, regardless if bacteria or viruses were present.[4] Antibiotics probably reduce the number of people experiencing sore throat or headache, but the balance between modest symptom reduction and the potential hazards of antimicrobial resistance must be recognised.[4]
^ abcdefghijklmn"Pharyngitis-Tonsillitis in Children and Adults" (PDF). Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS). March 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
^ abc"Acute Tonsillitis". NCIthesaurus. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
^ abKlug TE, Rusan M, Fuursted K, Ovesen T (August 2016). "Peritonsillar Abscess: Complication of Acute Tonsillitis or Weber's Glands Infection?". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (Review). 155 (2): 199–207. doi:10.1177/0194599816639551. PMID 27026737. S2CID 13540245.
^ abcSpinks A, Glasziou PP, Del Mar CB (December 9, 2021). "Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 (12): CD000023. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000023.pub5. PMC 8655103. PMID 34881426.
^ abcdefghijklmWindfuhr JP, Toepfner N, Steffen G, Waldfahrer F, Berner R (April 2016). "Clinical practice guideline: tonsillitis I. Diagnostics and nonsurgical management". Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol (Practice guideline). 273 (4): 973–87. doi:10.1007/s00405-015-3872-6. PMC 7087627. PMID 26755048.
^ abcdLang 2009, p. 2083.
^ abJones 2004, p. 674.
^"ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics Acute tonsillitis". icd.who.int. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
^"ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Chronic disorders of tonsils or adenoids Statistics". icd.who.int. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
^"Tonsillitis". Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
^"ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics Streptococcal tonsillitis". icd.who.int. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
^Ferri 2015, p. 1646.
^Windfuhr JP, Toepfner N, Steffen G, Waldfahrer F, Berner R (April 2016). "Clinical practice guideline: tonsillitis II. Surgical management". Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol (Practice guideline). 273 (4): 989–1009. doi:10.1007/s00405-016-3904-x. PMID 26882912. S2CID 27283377.
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils in the upper part of the throat. It can be acute or chronic. Acute tonsillitis typically has a rapid onset...
not mineralized, the presence of debris is known as chronic caseous tonsillitis (CCT). Symptoms may include bad breath, foreign body sensation, sore...
Hjortdahl P (2004). "Predictors for spread of clinical group A streptococcal tonsillitis within the household". Scand J Prim Health Care. 22 (4): 239–43. doi:10...
infected with symptoms of exudates (pus drainage) and severe swelling. Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils and will often, but not necessarily...
enlarged (adenotonsillar hyperplasia) or inflamed (tonsillitis). The most common way to treat tonsillitis is with anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen...
Syphilis (/ˈsɪfəlɪs/) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The signs and symptoms of syphilis...
back of the throat. The procedure is mainly performed for recurrent tonsillitis, throat infections and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). For those with...
nodes. The uvula may be displaced towards the unaffected side. Unlike tonsillitis, which is more common in children, PTA has a more even age spread, from...
infection (GAS) bacterial infection pharyngitis (inflammation of the throat) tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils), or dehydration, which leads to the throat...
pharyngitis may be catarrhal, hypertrophic, or atrophic.[citation needed] Tonsillitis is a subtype of pharyngitis. If the inflammation includes both the tonsils...
causing the disease popularly called strep throat or streptococcal tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, and skin infections...
for four reasons. Firstly, the patient may have frequent long lasting tonsillitis. Secondly, tonsils can become swollen and inflamed which may cause breathing...
the tour, Starr was stricken with a high-grade fever, pharyngitis and tonsillitis, and briefly stayed in a local hospital, followed by several days of...
medical use in 1989. Cefpodoxime has been used to treat gonorrhoea, tonsillitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. The following minimum inhibitory concentrations...
larynx or trachea. This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold...
infection of the mouth, tongue, or throat (esophagitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, epiglottitis) Oral or throat cancer Phagophobia "odynophagia". The American...
to treat minor infections of the mouth and throat. It can help with tonsillitis but is not effective in cases of streptococci infections. The product...
gave the five-year-old, for tonsillitis, whiskey, and codeine cough syrup, for two years, when kept home due to tonsillitis, she would read and write poetry...
Encyclopedia. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 2007-11-05. Fact Sheet: Tonsillitis from American Academy of Otolaryngology. "Updated 1/11". Retrieved November...
respiratory tract. Adenovirus infections often present as conjunctivitis, tonsillitis (which may look exactly like strep throat and cannot be distinguished...
also be found in patients with adenoiditis, otitis media, sinusitis or tonsillitis. The phlegm produced by catarrh may either discharge or cause a blockage...
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